Diastereoselectivities in the diels-alder reactions of cyclopentadiene with optically active dimenthyl fumarate and menthyl methyl fumarate in LiClO4/ether and on Al2O3
摘要:
Reactions of cyclopentadiene with (-)-dimenthyl fumarate, which yield adducts 1 and 2, and with (-)-menthyl methyl fumarate, which yield adducts 3 through 6, were carried out on alumina activated at different temperatures, in LiClO4/ether solutions, and in other media. Various diastereoselectivities - 2:1, 3:4, 6:5, endo:exo [(3+4):(5+6)], and % de [(3+6) - (4+5)]/[3+4+5+6] x 100] - were determined for these reactions. The LiClO4 data were analyzed using a model in which LiClO4 reversibly binds to the dienophile, resulting in competing catalyzed and uncatalyzed Diels-Alder reactions. Even in approximately 5 M LiClO4, there are sizable contributions from uncatalyzed reactions in all cases. Extrapolation of the data to infinite LiClO4, concentration yields data for the catalyzed reactions alone; only modest diastereoselectivities are seen for the catalyzed reactions. The alumina results were unusual because the endo:exo ratios of adducts were large but % de's were small. The selectivities on alumina could not be correlated to the activity of the solid. This behavior will occur when varying numbers and types of catalytic sites are exposed to the surface on activation.
Transition states in catalyzed and uncatalyzed Diels-Alder reactions. Cooperativity as a probe of geometry
作者:Laren M. Tolbert、Mahfuza B. Ali
DOI:10.1021/ja00325a016
日期:1984.6
Le role des acides de Lewis dans l'augmentation de l'induction asymetrique est d'accroitre l'interaction sterique a un bout du dienophile
Le role des acides de Lewis dans l'augmentation de l'induction asymetrique est d'accroitre l'interaction sterique a un bout du dienophile
A simple, powerful, and efficient method for transesterification
作者:Otto Meth-Cohn
DOI:10.1039/c39860000695
日期:——
Aromatic and α,β-unsaturated methyl esters undergo efficienttransesterification at ambient temperature or below with primary, secondary, or (particularly) tertiary alcohols in the presence of butyl-lithium in tetrahydrofuran solution.