代谢
大西洋鲑鱼（约1.3公斤）在5±1摄氏度的海水罐中饲养，通过饲料以50微克/公斤/天的名义剂量连续7天给予[(3)H]依玛菌素B1苯甲酸盐。在最终剂量后的3小时和12小时以及1、3、7、15、30、45、60和90天，从每组10条鱼中收集组织、血液和胆汁。从最终剂量前开始，每天从罐中收集粪便，直至最终剂量后90天。在给药期间，每日粪便样本的总放射性残留物（TRR）最大为0.25 ppm，且在覆盖给药期的合并粪便中，大于97%的TRR是依玛菌素B1a。粪便TRR随后迅速下降，最终剂量后1天大约降至0.05 ppm。在给药后90天内，组织的平均TRR范围如下：肾脏，1.4-3 ppm；肝脏，1.0-2.3 ppm；皮肤，0.04-0.09 ppm；肌肉，0.02-0.06 ppm；骨骼，小于0.01 ppm。按给药后时间间隔合并的肝脏、肾脏、肌肉和皮肤样本的残留物组分为依玛菌素B1a（81-100% TRR）和去甲基依玛菌素B1a（0-17% TRR），在一些肌肉样本中可以看到N-甲酰依玛菌素B1a的微量（小于2%）。选作依玛菌素残留监管监测的标志残留物是依玛菌素B1a。使用高效液相色谱-荧光法量化个体皮肤和肌肉样本中的依玛菌素B1a水平，在所有分析的样本中（给药后3小时至30天），该水平低于85 ppb。
Atlantic salmon (approximately 1.3 kg) maintained in tanks of seawater at 5 +/- 1 degrees C were dosed with [(3)H]emamectin B1 benzoate in feed at a nominal rate of 50 ug of emamectin benzoate/kg/day for 7 consecutive days. Tissues, blood, and bile were collected from 10 fish each at 3 and 12 hr and at 1, 3, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 days post final dose. Feces were collected daily from the tanks beginning just prior to dosing to 90 days post final dose. The total radioactive residues (TRR) of the daily feces samples during dosing were 0.25 ppm maximal, and >97% of the TRR in pooled feces covering the dosing period was emamectin B1a. Feces TRR then rapidly declined to approximately 0.05 ppm by 1 day post final dose. The ranges of mean TRR for tissues over the 90 days post dose period were as follows: kidney, 1.4-3 ppm; liver, 1.0-2.3 ppm; skin, 0.04-0.09 ppm; muscle, 0.02-0.06 ppm; and bone, <0.01 ppm. The residue components of liver, kidney, muscle, and skin samples pooled by post dose interval were emamectin B1a (81-100% TRR) and desmethylemamectin B1a (0-17% TRR) with N-formylemamectin B1a seen in trace amounts (<2%) in some muscle samples. The marker residue selected for regulatory surveillance of emamectin residues was emamectin B1a. The emamectin B1a level was quantified in individual samples of skin and muscle using HPLC-fluorometry and was below 85 ppb in all samples analyzed (3 hr to 30 days post dose).
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)