(1R,3S,5R,7R,8E,12R,14E,16E,18E,20E,22R,24S,25R,26S)-22-[(3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-azaniumyl-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,26-trihydroxy-12-methyl-10-oxo-6,11,28-trioxatricyclo[22.3.1.05,7]octacosa-8,14,16,18,20-pentaene-25-carboxylate | 7681-93-8

• 物质功能分类: 原料药 - 抗生素类药物 - 其它抗生素类药
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氧化合物
• 英文名称: (1R,3S,5R,7R,8E,12R,14E,16E,18E,20E,22R,24S,25R,26S)-22-[(3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-azaniumyl-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,26-trihydroxy-12-methyl-10-oxo-6,11,28-trioxatricyclo[22.3.1.05,7]octacosa-8,14,16,18,20-pentaene-25-carboxylate
• CAS: 7681-93-8
• 化学式: C33H47NO13
• 分子量: 665.7
• InChiKey: NCXMLFZGDNKEPB-BQGNJOPGSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  2000C (dec)
• 比旋光度：
  D20 +278° (c = 1 in CH3COOH)
• 沸点：
  952℃
• 密度：
  1.0 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
• 闪点：
  >110°(230°F)
• 溶解度：
  溶于二甲基亚砜
• LogP：
  0.880 (est)
• 物理描述：
  White to creamy-white crystalline powder
• 旋光度：
  [α]D/20 + 250° to + 295° (a 1 % w/v solution in glacial acetic acid, at 20 °C and calculated with reference to the dried material)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -0.7
• 重原子数：
  47
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  4.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.64
• 拓扑面积：
  235
• 氢给体数：
  6
• 氢受体数：
  13

安全信息

• 危险品标志：
  Xn
• 安全说明：
  S24/25
• 危险类别码：
  R22
• WGK Germany：
  2
• 海关编码：
  29419090
• 危险品运输编号：
  NONH for all modes of transport
• RTECS号：
  TK3325000

制备方法与用途

纳他霉素是一种广泛应用于食品工业的天然抗真菌剂。下面是关于纳他霉素的一些关键信息：

生产与化学性质

• 生产方法：由游链霉菌（Streptomyces natalensis）受控发酵制得。
• 外观和物理特性：近白色到奶油黄色粉末，几乎无臭无味。可含有3mol的水。熔点280℃(分解)。几不溶于水，微溶于甲醇，溶于冰醋酸和二甲基亚砜。

主要用途

• 防霉剂：用于霉菌容易增殖的、暴露于空气中的食品表面时，有良好的抗霉效果。
• 发酵干酪：在发酵过程中可以抑制霉菌繁殖而让细菌正常生长与代谢。
• 其他应用：还可以应用于果蔬汁、蛋黄酱、沙拉酱等食品中。

最大允许使用量及残留标准

根据中国食品安全国家标准，纳他霉素在不同食品中的最大允许使用量和残留标准如下：

• 发酵酒：0.01g/L
• 蛋黄酱、沙拉酱：0.02g/kg，且残留量≤10mg/kg
• 果蔬汁（浆）：0.3g/kg，表面使用，混悬液喷雾或浸泡，残留量小于10mg/kg
• 发酵肉制品类、肉灌肠类、西式火腿（熏烤、烟熏、蒸煮火腿）、油炸肉类、熏、烤、烧肉类、酱卤肉制品类、糕点：均允许使用，最大使用量为0.3g/kg，表面使用，混悬液喷雾或浸泡，残留量小于10mg/kg
• 干酪：同发酵干酪

安全性

• 纳他霉素是一种天然产物，并且其安全性已经过多个权威机构认证。在正常使用下不会对人体健康造成危害。

使用注意事项

• 产品应贮存于密封良好、无直射阳光、＜15℃条件下。
• 在食品加工过程中需严格按照规定的使用量进行添加，以确保食品安全和品质。

总之，纳他霉素是一种有效且安全的防腐剂，在多种食品中有着广泛的应用前景。

文献信息

• REDUCED TOXICITY MOLECULAR CONJUGATES OF ANTI-FUNGAL AGENTS
  申请人：Lehigh University

  公开号：US20170042923A1

  公开（公告）日：2017-02-16

  Compositions, compounds and methods are described for addressing both toxicity of membrane disruptive anti-microbial agents as well as poor transport of such agents across the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) via the use of molecular appendages including one or more facial amphiphiles. These molecules have in vitro anti-fungal activity that is very similar to that of the native drug but with hemolytic activity and toxicity towards mammalian cells that is greatly reduced.

  描述了用于解决膜破坏型抗微生物药物的毒性以及这些药物在穿越血脑屏障（BBB）时的运输不良的构成物、化合物和方法，通过使用包括一个或多个脸部两性分子在内的分子附件。这些分子在体外具有与原始药物非常相似的抗真菌活性，但对哺乳动物细胞的溶血活性和毒性大大降低。
• Natamycin compositions and uses thereof
  申请人：Arec Crop Protection B.V.

  公开号：US11317631B2

  公开（公告）日：2022-05-03

  Provided is a particular form of natamycin that shows improved properties as a fungicide for use in agricultural applications. A preferred natamycin composition comprises a structuring agent and a surfactant. Said natamycin composition further comprises cellular matter from a natamycin-producing organism. The natamycin in a natamycin composition preferably has a surface area of less than 6 m2/g, and an average particle size of less than 6 micrometer. The invention further relates to methods, comprising contacting a plant or part thereof, a fungus, a fruit, a crop, a seed, and/or a soil with a natamycin composition of the invention.

  本文提供了一种特殊形式的纳他霉素，它作为一种杀真菌剂，在农业应用中具有更好的性能。一种优选的纳他霉素组合物包括一种结构剂和一种表面活性剂。所述纳他霉素组合物还包括产生纳他霉素的生物体的细胞物质。纳他霉素组合物中的纳他霉素的表面积最好小于 6 平方米/克，平均粒径小于 6 微米。本发明进一步涉及方法，包括用本发明的纳他霉素组合物接触植物或其部分、真菌、果实、作物、种子和/或土壤。
• POLYELECTROLYTE COMPLEXES COMPRISING NATAMYCINE AND/OR PHOSPHITE FOR BIOCIDE ENHANCEMENT
  申请人：Ceradis B.V.

  公开号：US20150038442A1

  公开（公告）日：2015-02-05

  The invention relates to a composition comprising a polyelectrolyte complex of a polyanion and a polycation, further comprising at least one biocide comprising natamycin and/or phosphite. A preferred composition comprises lignosulfonate and chitosan, preferably in relative amount of from 1:2 to 60:1 (w/w). The invention further relates to methods for generating a composition according to the invention, and to uses of a mixture according to the invention for protecting an agricultural plant or plant part against a pathogen.
• ANTIFUNGAL-GRAFTED POLYOLEFIN
  申请人：Shin Joongmin

  公开号：US20170231227A1

  公开（公告）日：2017-08-17

  Various embodiments disclosed relate to an antifungal-grafted polyolefin. The present invention provides an antifungal-grafted polyolefin comprising an antifungal-grafted repeating unit having the structure: At each occurrence, -A- can be chosen from —O— and —NH—. At each occurrence, -AF can be an independently selected grafted antifungal compound. At each occurrence, -L- can be independently chosen from a bond and the structure: or a salt thereof. At each occurrence —R can be independently chosen from —H and -AF. At each occurrence, the variable n is independently about 1 to about 100,000.
• NATAMYCIN COMPOSITIONS AND USES THEREOF
  申请人：Arec Crop Protection B.V.

  公开号：US20190116796A1

  公开（公告）日：2019-04-25

  Provided is a particular form of natamycin that shows improved properties as a fungicide for use in agricultural applications. A preferred natamycin composition comprises a structuring agent and a surfactant. Said natamycin composition further comprises cellular matter from a natamycin-producing organism. The natamycin in a natamycin composition preferably has a surface area of less than 6 m 2 /g, and an average particle size of less than 6 micrometer. The invention further relates to methods, comprising contacting a plant or part thereof, a fungus, a fruit, a crop, a seed, and/or a soil with a natamycin composition of the invention.