异喹啉类化合物
异喹啉是一种含苯环和吡啶环的杂环化合物，是喹啉的一种同分异构体，即由萘分子中β位的CH基被N原子取代而成。它通常呈现为无色至浅黄色的液体或片状结晶，并带有类似茴香油和苯甲醛的刺激性气味，具有较强的吸水性和较高的碱性。化学性质活泼，能够发生亲核、亲电、氧化及还原反应。许多生物碱如罂粟碱、小蘖碱和吗啡碱等分子中均含有异喹啉或氢化异喹啉的基本结构。
异喹啉的应用广泛：可用作聚亚胺薄膜溶剂；有机导电体、染料、感光色素、杀虫剂、生物碱及医药制品的原料；通过氧化反应制备吡啶羧酸；而异喹啉盐酸盐则常用于测定锌、镉、钴和铜等金属；此外，还可以用来制备各种异喹啉衍生物。
其合成方法包括：一种于1893年提出的Bischler法。该方法以β-苯乙胺的酰基化物为原料，在五氧化二磷（或ZnCl2、POCl3等）的作用下脱水缩合闭环，生成3,4-二氢异喹啉；然后在钯催化作用下于190℃条件下进行氧化脱氢反应以制备异喹啉。另一种方法则是通过肉桂醛肟的Beckmann重排，在五氧化二磷（或硫酸、多聚磷酸）的作用下进行闭环生成所需产物。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 苯并[g]异喹啉-5,10-二酮 | benz[g]isoquinoline-5,10-dione | 46492-08-4 | C13H7NO2 |
|
| 苯并[f]异喹啉-4(3h)-酮 | 3,4-Dihydrobenzo<f>isoquinolin-4-one | 30081-63-1 | C13H9NO |
|
| 水合异喹啉-3-甲酸 | Isoquinoline-3-carboxylate | 207399-25-5 | C10H6NO2- |
|
| 异喹啉物 | 4-<2-(3,4-Dihydro-7-methoxy-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxo-2(1H)-isochinolyl)ethyl>benzolsulfonamid | 33456-68-7 | C20H22N2O5S |
|
| 异喹啉-D7 | D7-isoquinoline | 17157-12-9 | C9H7N |
|
| 异喹啉-8-甲腈 | Isoquinoline-8-carbonitrile | 362606-11-9 | C10H6N2 |
|
| 异喹啉-7-甲醛 | isoquinoline-7-carbaldehyde | 87087-20-5 | C10H7NO |
|
| 异喹啉-7-甲酸 | isoquinoline-7-carboxylic acid | 221050-96-0 | C10H7NO2 |
|
| 异喹啉-7-基-乙酸 | Isoquinolin-7-yl-acetic acid | 188111-64-0 | C11H9NO2 |
|
| 异喹啉-6-甲醛 | isoquinoline-6-carbaldehyde | 173089-81-1 | C10H7NO |
|
| 异喹啉-5-硫代甲酰胺 | Isoquinoline-5-carbothioamide | 885272-56-0 | C10H8N2S |
|
| 异喹啉-5-甲醛 | isoquinoline-5-carboxaldehyde | 80278-67-7 | C10H7NO |
|
| 异喹啉-5-甲酸 | isoquinoline-5-carboxylic acid | 27810-64-6 | C10H7NO2 |
|
| 异喹啉-5-甲胺 | isoquinolin-5-ylmethanamine | 58123-58-3 | C10H10N2 |
|
| 异喹啉-4-硫代羧酸酰胺 | Isoquinoline-4-thiocarboxamide | 435271-32-2 | C10H8N2S |
|
| 异喹啉-4-甲醛 | isoquinoline-4-carbaldehyde | 22960-16-3 | C10H7NO |
|
| 异喹啉-4-甲酸甲酯 | methyl isoquinoline-4-carboxylate | 20317-40-2 | C11H9NO2 |
|
| 异喹啉-4-甲胺 | isoquinolin-4-ylmethanamine | 58123-56-1 | C10H10N2 |
|
| 异喹啉-3-羧酸一水 | 3-isoquinoline carboxylic acid hydrate | 207399-25-5 | C10H7NO2*H2O |
|
| 异喹啉-3-羧酰胺盐酸盐 | Isoquinoline-3-carboximidamide hydrochloride | 1179362-42-5 | C10H9N3*ClH |
|
| 异喹啉-3-甲醛 | 3-formylisoquinoline | 5470-80-4 | C10H7NO |
|
| 异喹啉-3-甲酸 | isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid | 6624-49-3 | C10H7NO2 |
|
| 异喹啉-1-羧酸甲酯 | methyl isoquinoline-1-carboxylate | 27104-72-9 | C11H9NO2 |
|
| 异喹啉-1-羧酸乙酯 | ethyl isoquinoline-1-carboxylate | 50458-78-1 | C12H11NO2 |
|
| 异喹啉-1-甲醛 | isoquinoline-1-carbaldehyde | 4494-18-2 | C10H7NO |
|
| 异喹啉-1-乙酸甲酯 | methyl 2-(isoquinolin-1-yl)acetate | 69582-93-0 | C12H11NO2 |
|
| 异喹啉-1-乙酸乙酯 | ethyl 1-isoquinolineacetate | 46502-61-8 | C13H13NO2 |
|
| 异喹啉-1,3,4-三酮 | isoquinoline-1,3,4-trione | 521-73-3 | C9H5NO3 |
|
| 四氢异喹啉 | 5,6,7,8-tetra-hydro-isoquinoline | 36556-06-6 | C9H11N |
|
| 四氢异喹啉 | Tetrahydroisoquinoline | 91-21-4 | C9H11N |
|
| 四氢-6,7-异喹啉二醇 | 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol hydrobromide | 52768-23-7 | BrH*C9H11NO2 |
|
| 十氢异喹啉 | Decahydro-pyrazino<2,3-b>pyrazin | 5409-42-7 | C6H14N4 |
|
| 十氢异喹啉 | decahydroisoquinoline | 6329-61-9 | C9H17N |
|
| N-叔丁氧羰基-5-溴异喹啉-1-胺 | tert-butyl (5-bromoisoquinolin-1-yl)carbamate | 1330754-23-8 | C14H15BrN2O2 |
|
| N-Boc-5,7-二氯-6-甲酸甲酯-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉 | 2-(tert-butyl) 6-methyl 5,7-dichloro-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-2,6(1Η)-dicarboxylate | 851784-80-0 | C16H19Cl2NO4 |
|
| N-Boc-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-6-甲酸 | 2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6-carboxylic acid | 170097-67-3 | C15H19NO4 |
|
| N-BOC-6-羟基-3,4-二氢异喹啉 | N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-6-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline | 158984-83-9 | C14H19NO3 |
|
| D-7-羟基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-3-甲酸 | (3R)-7-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid | 152286-30-1 | C10H11NO3 |
|
| 8-苯基-异喹啉 | 8-phenylisoquinoline | 70125-67-6 | C15H11N |
|
| 8-甲氧基-1-甲基异喹啉 | 8-methoxy-1-methylisoquinoline | 1231948-70-1 | C11H11NO |
|
| 8-甲基异喹啉 | 8-methylisoquinoline | 62882-00-2 | C10H9N |
|
| 8-溴-异喹啉-3-基-胺 | 8-bromo-isoquinolin-3-yl-amine | 1260760-06-2 | C9H7BrN2 |
|
| 8-溴-5-氯异喹啉 | 8-bromo-5-chloroisoquinoline | 927801-25-0 | C9H5BrClN |
|
| 8-溴-3-羟基异喹啉 | 8-bromoisoquinolin-3-ol | 608515-49-7 | C9H6BrNO |
|
| 8-溴-3,4-二氢异喹啉-1(2H)-酮 | 8-bromo-3,4-dihydro-2H-isoquinolin-1-one | 1159811-99-0 | C9H8BrNO |
|
| 8-溴-2H-异喹啉-1-酮 | 8-bromo-2H-isoquinolin-1-one | 475994-60-6 | C9H6BrNO |
|
| 8-氯-3-羟基异喹啉 | 8-chloroisoquinolin-3(2H)-one | 51463-18-4 | C9H6ClNO |
|
| 8-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉 | 8-chloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline | 75416-50-1 | C9H10ClN |
|
| 8-氟-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉 | 8-fluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline | 123594-01-4 | C9H10FN |
|
| 8-异喹啉甲醛 | isoquinoline-8-carbaldehyde | 787615-01-4 | C10H7NO |
|
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