异喹啉是一种含苯环和吡啶环的杂环化合物,是喹啉的一种同分异构体,即由萘分子中β位的CH基被N原子取代而成。它通常呈现为无色至浅黄色的液体或片状结晶,并带有类似茴香油和苯甲醛的刺激性气味,具有较强的吸水性和较高的碱性。化学性质活泼,能够发生亲核、亲电、氧化及还原反应。许多生物碱如罂粟碱、小蘖碱和吗啡碱等分子中均含有异喹啉或氢化异喹啉的基本结构。
异喹啉的应用广泛:可用作聚亚胺薄膜溶剂;有机导电体、染料、感光色素、杀虫剂、生物碱及医药制品的原料;通过氧化反应制备吡啶羧酸;而异喹啉盐酸盐则常用于测定锌、镉、钴和铜等金属;此外,还可以用来制备各种异喹啉衍生物。
其合成方法包括:一种于1893年提出的Bischler法。该方法以β-苯乙胺的酰基化物为原料,在五氧化二磷(或ZnCl2、POCl3等)的作用下脱水缩合闭环,生成3,4-二氢异喹啉;然后在钯催化作用下于190℃条件下进行氧化脱氢反应以制备异喹啉。另一种方法则是通过肉桂醛肟的Beckmann重排,在五氧化二磷(或硫酸、多聚磷酸)的作用下进行闭环生成所需产物。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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6-甲基异喹啉-1-胺 | 6-methylisoquinolin-1-amine | 42398-74-3 | C10H10N2 |
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6-甲基-5-硝基异喹啉 | 6-methyl-5-nitroisoquinoline | 188121-31-5 | C10H8N2O2 |
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6-甲基-3-羟基异喹啉 | 6-methylisoquinolin-3-ol | 51463-11-7 | C10H9NO |
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6-甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-异喹啉-1-酮 | 6-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-one | 1082041-78-8 | C10H11NO |
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6-甲基-1(2H)-异喹啉酮 | 6-methylisoquinolin-1(2H)-one | 131002-10-3 | C10H9NO |
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6-溴异喹啉盐酸盐 | 6-Bromoisoquinoline hydrochloride | 1810070-25-7 | C9H7BrClN |
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6-溴异喹啉-3-胺 | 6-bromoisoquinolin-3-amine | 891785-28-7 | C9H7BrN2 |
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6-溴异喹啉-1-甲腈 | 6-bromoisoquinoline-1-carbonitrile | 1082674-24-5 | C10H5BrN2 |
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6-溴异喹啉-1,3-二醇 | 6-bromoisoquinoline-1,3(2H,4H)-dione | 501130-49-0 | C9H6BrNO2 |
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6-溴-5-硝基异喹啉 | 6-bromo-5-nitroisoquinoline | 850197-72-7 | C9H5BrN2O2 |
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6-溴-3-氯异喹啉 | 6-bromo-3-chloroisoquinoline | 552331-06-3 | C9H5BrClN |
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6-溴-2-(三氟乙酰基)-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉 | 1-(6-bromo-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoro-ethanone | 252331-63-8 | C11H9BrF3NO |
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6-溴-1-氨基异喹啉 | 6-bromoisoquinolin-1-amine | 215453-26-2 | C9H7BrN2 |
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6-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉 | 6-bromo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline | 226942-29-6 | C9H10BrN |
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6-氰基异喹啉 | isoquinoline-6-carbonitrile | 106778-42-1 | C10H6N2 |
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6-氯异喹啉 | 6-chloroisoquinoline | 62882-02-4 | C9H6ClN |
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6-氯-1-异喹啉胺 | 6-chloroisoquinolin-1-amine | 102200-00-0 | C9H7ClN2 |
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6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉 | 6-chloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline | 33537-99-4 | C9H10ClN |
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6-氨基异喹啉 | 6-isoquinolinamine | 23687-26-5 | C9H8N2 |
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6-氨基-3,4-二氢-2H-异喹啉-1-酮 | 6-aminoisoquinolone | 22246-00-0 | C9H10N2O |
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6-氨基-2(1H)-喹啉酮 | 6-Nitrocarbostyril | 79207-68-4 | C9H8N2O |
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6-氨基-1-甲基异喹啉 | 1-methylisoquinolin-6-amine | 347146-39-8 | C10H10N2 |
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6-氟异喹啉 | 6-fluoroisoquinoline | 1075-11-2 | C9H6FN |
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6-氟-3,4-二氢-2H-异喹啉-1-酮 | 6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-isoquinolin-1-one | 214045-84-8 | C9H8FNO |
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6-氟-3(2H)-异喹啉 | 6-fluoroisoquinolin-3(2H)-one | 51463-15-1 | C9H6FNO |
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6-氟-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-1-羧酸 | 6-Fluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-1-carboxylic acid | 1260641-86-8 | C10H10FNO2 |
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6-氟-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉 | 6-fluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline | 224161-37-9 | C9H10FN |
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6-异喹啉甲酸 | methyl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6-carboxylate hydrochloride | 877861-62-6 | C11H13NO2*ClH |
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6-异喹啉甲酸 | isoquinoline-6-carboxylic acid | 106778-43-2 | C10H7NO2 |
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6-噌啉胺 | 6-Amino-cinnolin | 7637-27-6 | C8H7N3 |
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6-(溴甲基)异喹啉氢溴酸盐 | 6-(bromomethyl)isoquinoline hydrobromide | 188861-57-6 | BrH*C10H8BrN |
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6-(溴甲基)异喹啉 | 6-(Bromomethyl)isoquinoline | 752183-00-9 | C10H8BrN |
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6-(1,2,3,4-四氢-1-异喹啉基)-1,3-苯并二恶茂-5-醇 | 6-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-yl)-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ol | 1296674-41-3 | C16H15NO3 |
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6,7-二甲氧基-3,4-二氢异喹啉盐酸盐 | 3,4-dihydro-6,7-dimethoxyisoquinoline hydrochloride | 20232-39-7 | C11H13NO2*ClH |
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6,7-二甲氧基-3,4-二氢异喹啉 | 6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-isoquinoline | 3382-18-1 | C11H13NO2 |
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6,7-二甲氧基-3,4-二氢-异喹啉-1-酮 | 6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-isoquinolin-1-one | 493-49-2 | C11H13NO3 |
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6,7-二甲氧基-2-甲基-4-苯基-1,2,3,4-四氢-异喹啉 | 6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline | 128942-65-4 | C18H21NO2 |
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6,7-二甲氧基-1-苯基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉 | 1-phenyl-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline | 4118-36-9 | C17H19NO2 |
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6,7-二甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉盐酸盐 | 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline monohydrochloride | 2328-12-3 | C11H16NO2*Cl |
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6,7-二氢-5H-异喹啉-8-酮 | 6,7-dihydroisoquinolin-8(5H)-one | 21917-88-4 | C9H9NO |
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5-羟基-3,4-二氢-2H-异喹啉-1-酮 | 5-hydroxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-one | 56469-02-4 | C9H9NO2 |
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5-羟基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉 | 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-5-ol | 102877-50-9 | C9H11NO |
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5-甲氧基异喹啉盐酸盐 | 5-Methoxyisoquinoline hydrochloride | 1418117-87-9 | C10H10ClNO |
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5-甲氧基异喹啉-1(2H)-酮 | 5-methoxyisoquinolin-1-ol | 118313-35-2 | C10H9NO2 |
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5-甲氧基异喹啉 | 5-methoxyisoquinoline | 90806-58-9 | C10H9NO |
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5-甲氧基-1-甲基异喹啉 | 5-methoxy-1-methyl-isoquinoline | 84689-37-2 | C11H11NO |
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5-甲基异喹啉-1(2H)-酮 | 5-methyl-1(2H)-isoquinolinone | 24188-72-5 | C10H9NO |
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5-溴异喹啉-6-胺 | 5-bromo-isoquinolin-6-ylamine | 566943-98-4 | C9H7BrN2 |
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5-溴异喹啉-1-胺 | 5-bromoisoquinolin-1-amine | 852570-80-0 | C9H7BrN2 |
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5-溴全氢异喹啉溴化氢 | 5-Bromoperhydroisoquinoline hydrobromide | 90435-92-0 | C9H17Br2N |
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