Discovery of Novel Small Molecule Orally Bioavailable C−X−C Chemokine Receptor 4 Antagonists That Are Potent Inhibitors of T-Tropic (X4) HIV-1 Replication
摘要:
The redesign of azamacrocyclic CXCR4 chemokine receptor antagonists resulted in the discovery of novel, small molecule, orally bioavailable compounds that retained T-tropic (CXCR4 using, X4) anti-HIV-1 activity. A structure activity relationship (SA R) was determined on the basis of the inhibition of replication of X4 HIV-1 NL4.3 in MT-4 cells. As a result of lead optimization, we identified (S)-N'-((1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-Amethyl)-N'-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolin-8-yl)butane-1,4-diamine (AMD070) 2 as a potent and selective antagonist of CXCR4 with an IC(50) value of 13 nM in a CXCR4 (125)I-SDF inhibition binding assay. Compound 2 inhibited the replication of T-tropic HIV-1 (NL4.3 strain) in MT-4 cells and PBMCs with an IC(50) of 2 and 26 nM, respectively, while remaining noncytotoxic to cells at concentrations exceeding 23 mu M. The pharmacokinetics of 2 was evaluated in rat and dog, and good oral bioavailability was observed in both species. This compound represents the first small molecule orally bioavailable CXCR4 antagonist that was developed for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.
This invention relates to a novel class of heterocyclic compounds that bind chemokine receptors, inhibiting the binding of their natural ligands thereby. These compounds result in protective effects against infection by HIV through binding to chemokine receptors, including CXCR4 and CCR5, thus inhibiting the subsequent binding by these chemokines. The present invention provides a compound of Formula I
wherein, W is a nitrogen atom and Y is absent or, W is a carbon atom and Y═H;
R1 to R7 may be the same or different and are independently selected from hydrogen or straight, branched or cyclic C1-6 alkyl;
R8 is a substituted heterocyclic group or a substituted aromatic group
Ar is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring each optionally substituted at single or multiple, non-linking positions with electron-donating or withdrawing groups;
n and n′ are independently, 0-2;
X is a group of the formula:
Wherein, Ring A is an optionally substituted, saturated or unsaturated 5 or 6-membered ring, and P is an optionally substituted carbon atom, an optionally substituted nitrogen atom, sulfur or oxygen atom. Ring B is an optionally substituted 5 to 7-membered ring. Ring A and Ring B in the above formula can be connected to the group W from any position via the group V, wherein V is a chemical bond, a (CH2)n″ group (where n″=0-2) or a C═O group. Z is, (1) a hydrogen atom, (2) an optionally substituted C1-6 alkyl group, (3) a C0-6 alkyl group substituted with an optionally substituted aromatic or heterocyclic group, (4) an optionally substituted C0-6 alkylamino or C3-7 cycloalkylamino group, (5) an optionally substituted carbonyl group or sulfonyl. These compounds further include any pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and metal complexes thereof and any stereoisomeric forms and mixtures of stereoisomeric forms thereof.
Chemokine combinations to mobilize progenitor/stem cells
申请人:Bridger J. Gary
公开号:US20060035829A1
公开(公告)日:2006-02-16
Methods to elevate progenitor and stem cell counts in animal subjects using compounds which bind to the chemokine receptor CXCR4 in combination with the CXCR2 chemokine GROβ, including its modified forms, are disclosed.
Methods to elevate progenitor and stem cell counts in animal subjects using compounds which bind to the chemokine receptor CXCR4 are disclosed. Preferred embodiments of such compounds are of the formula
Z-linker-Z′ (1)
or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof
wherein Z is a cyclic polyamine containing 9-32 ring members of which 3-8 are nitrogen atoms, said nitrogen atoms separated from each other by at least 2 carbon atoms, and wherein said heterocycle may optionally contain additional heteroatoms besides nitrogen and/or may be fused to an additional ring system;
or Z is of the formula
1
wherein A comprises a monocyclic or bicyclic fused ring system containing at least one N and B is H or an organic moiety of 1-20 atoms,
Z′ may be embodied in a form as defined by Z above, or alternatively may be of the formula
—N(R)—(CR
2
)
n
—X
wherein each R is independently H or straight, branched or cyclic alkyl (1-6C), n is 1 or 2, and X is an aromatic ring, including heteroaromatic rings, or is a mercaptan;
“linker” represents a bond, alkylene (1-6C) or may comprise aryl, fused aryl, oxygen atoms contained in an alkylene chain, or may contain keto groups or nitrogen or sulfur atoms.
Heterocyclic compounds that bind chemokine receptors and inhibit the binding of their natural ligands are disclosed. The invention compounds are protective against infection by HIV and exert effects characteristic of antagonists to the CXCR4 receptor.
Methods to elevate progenitor and stem cell counts in animal subjects using compounds which bind to the chemokine receptor CXCR4 are disclosed. Preferred embodiments of such compounds are of the formula Z-linker-Z' (1) or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof wherein Z is a cyclic polyamine containing 9-32 ring members of which 3-8 are nitrogen atoms, said nitrogen atoms separated from each other by at least 2 carbon atoms, and wherein said heterocycle may optionally contain additional heteroatoms besides nitrogen and/or may be fused to an additional ring system; or Z is of formula (a), wherein A comprises a monocyclic or bicyclic fused ring system containing at least one N and B is H or an organic moiety of 1-20 atoms, Z' may be embodied in a form as defined by Z above, or alternatively may be of the formula -N(R)-(CR2)n-X wherein each R is independently H or straight, branched or cyclic alkyl (1-6C), n is 1 or 2, and X is an aromatic ring, including heteroaromatic rings, or is a mercaptan; "linker" represents a bond, alkylene (1-6C) or may comprise aryl, fused aryl, oxygen atoms contained in an alkylene chain, or may contain keto groups or nitrogen or sulphur atoms.
本研究公开了使用与趋化因子受体 CXCR4 结合的化合物提高动物体内祖细胞和干细胞数量的方法。此类化合物的优选实施方案为式 Z-linker-Z' (1) 或其药学上可接受的盐,其中 Z 是环状多胺,包含 9-32 个环成员,其中 3-8 个为氮原子,所述氮原子之间至少相隔 2 个碳原子,所述杂环除氮原子外还可选择包含其他杂原子和/或可与其他环系统融合;或 Z 为式(a),其中 A 包含单环或双环融合环系统,至少含有一个 N,B 为 H 或 1-20 个原子的有机分子,Z'可以如上文 Z 所定义的形式体现,或者可以为式-N(R)-(CR2)n-X,其中每个 R 独立地为 H 或直链、支链或环状烷基(1-6C),n 为 1 或 2,X 为芳香环,包括杂芳香环,或者为硫醇;"连接剂 "代表键、亚烷基(1-6C),或可包括芳基、融合芳基、亚烷基链中包含的氧原子,或可包含酮基或氮或硫原子。