Discovery of N-Hydroxyindole-Based Inhibitors of Human Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoform A (LDH-A) as Starvation Agents against Cancer Cells
摘要:
Highly invasive tumor cells are characterized by a metabolic switch, known as the Warburg effect, from "normal" oxidative phosphorylation to increased glycolysis even under. sufficiently oxygenated conditions. This dependence on glycolysis also confers a growth advantage to cells present in hypoxic regions of the tumor. One of the key enzymes involved in glycolysis, the muscle isoform of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-A), is overexpressed by metastatic cancer cells and is linked to the vitality of tumors in hypoxia. This enzyme may be considered as a potential target for new anticancer agents, since its inhibition cuts cancer energetic and anabolic supply, thus reducing the metastatic and invasive potential of cancer cells. We have discovered new and efficient N-hydroxyindole-based inhibitors of LDH-A, which are isoform-selective (over LDH-B) and competitive with both the substrate (pyruvate) and the cofactor (NADH). The antiproliferative activity of these compounds was confirmed on a series of cancer cell lines, and they proved to be particularly effective under hypoxic conditions. Moreover, NMR experiments showed that these compounds are able to reduce the glucose-to-lactate conversion inside the cell.
A porous metal–organic cage constructed from dirhodium paddle-wheels: synthesis, structure and catalysis
作者:Lianfen Chen、Tao Yang、Hao Cui、Tao Cai、Li Zhang、Cheng-Yong Su
DOI:10.1039/c5ta05592j
日期:——
A porous metal–organic cage (MOC-Rh-1) with Rh–Rh bonds has been prepared, which can act as a heterogeneous catalyst and promote the intramolecular C–H amination of azides.
Iron(II) Triflate as a Catalyst for the Synthesis of Indoles by Intramolecular C−H Amination
作者:Julien Bonnamour、Carsten Bolm
DOI:10.1021/ol2004066
日期:2011.4.15
A practical iron-catalyzed intramolecular C−H amination reaction and its application in the synthesis of indole derivatives are presented. As a catalyst, commercially available iron(II) triflate is used.
Discovery of <i>N</i>-Hydroxyindole-Based Inhibitors of Human Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoform A (LDH-A) as Starvation Agents against Cancer Cells
作者:Carlotta Granchi、Sarabindu Roy、Chiara Giacomelli、Marco Macchia、Tiziano Tuccinardi、Adriano Martinelli、Mario Lanza、Laura Betti、Gino Giannaccini、Antonio Lucacchini、Nicola Funel、Leticia G. León、Elisa Giovannetti、Godefridus J. Peters、Rahul Palchaudhuri、Emilia C. Calvaresi、Paul J. Hergenrother、Filippo Minutolo
DOI:10.1021/jm101007q
日期:2011.3.24
Highly invasive tumor cells are characterized by a metabolic switch, known as the Warburg effect, from "normal" oxidative phosphorylation to increased glycolysis even under. sufficiently oxygenated conditions. This dependence on glycolysis also confers a growth advantage to cells present in hypoxic regions of the tumor. One of the key enzymes involved in glycolysis, the muscle isoform of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-A), is overexpressed by metastatic cancer cells and is linked to the vitality of tumors in hypoxia. This enzyme may be considered as a potential target for new anticancer agents, since its inhibition cuts cancer energetic and anabolic supply, thus reducing the metastatic and invasive potential of cancer cells. We have discovered new and efficient N-hydroxyindole-based inhibitors of LDH-A, which are isoform-selective (over LDH-B) and competitive with both the substrate (pyruvate) and the cofactor (NADH). The antiproliferative activity of these compounds was confirmed on a series of cancer cell lines, and they proved to be particularly effective under hypoxic conditions. Moreover, NMR experiments showed that these compounds are able to reduce the glucose-to-lactate conversion inside the cell.
Cu-Catalyzed Oxidation of C2 and C3 Alkyl-Substituted Indole via Acyl Nitroso Reagents
The selective oxidation of C2-alkyl-substituted indoles to 3-oxindole and the selective C–H oxygenation or amination of C2,C3-dialkyl-substituted indoles at C2 are reported under mild conditions. The position of the alkyl substitution on the indole directs the reaction to different pathways under similar conditions.