Bazedoxifene-Scaffold-Based Mimetics of Solomonsterols A and B as Novel Pregnane X Receptor Antagonists
摘要:
Pregnane X receptor (PXR), a member of the NR1I nuclear receptor family, acts as a xenobiotic sensor and a paramount transcriptional regulator of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. The overexpression of PXR in various cancer cells indicates the importance of PXR as a drug target for countering multidrug resistance in anticancer treatments. We describe the discovery of novel bazedoxifene-scaffold-based PXR antagonists inspired by the marine sulfated steroids solomonsterol A and B as natural leads. A luciferase reporter assay on a PXR-transfected HepG2 cell line identified compounds 19-24 as promising PXR antagonists. Further structure-activity relationship studies of the most active PXR antagonist from the series (compound 20, IC50 = 11 mu M) revealed the importance of hydroxyl groups as hydrogen-bond donors for PXR antagonistic activity. PXR antagonists 20 and 24 (IC50 = 14 mu M), in addition to the downregulation of PXR expression, exhibited inhibition of PXR-induced CYP3A4 expression, which illustrates their potential to suppress PXR-regulated phase-I drug metabolism.
Bazedoxifene-Scaffold-Based Mimetics of Solomonsterols A and B as Novel Pregnane X Receptor Antagonists
摘要:
Pregnane X receptor (PXR), a member of the NR1I nuclear receptor family, acts as a xenobiotic sensor and a paramount transcriptional regulator of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. The overexpression of PXR in various cancer cells indicates the importance of PXR as a drug target for countering multidrug resistance in anticancer treatments. We describe the discovery of novel bazedoxifene-scaffold-based PXR antagonists inspired by the marine sulfated steroids solomonsterol A and B as natural leads. A luciferase reporter assay on a PXR-transfected HepG2 cell line identified compounds 19-24 as promising PXR antagonists. Further structure-activity relationship studies of the most active PXR antagonist from the series (compound 20, IC50 = 11 mu M) revealed the importance of hydroxyl groups as hydrogen-bond donors for PXR antagonistic activity. PXR antagonists 20 and 24 (IC50 = 14 mu M), in addition to the downregulation of PXR expression, exhibited inhibition of PXR-induced CYP3A4 expression, which illustrates their potential to suppress PXR-regulated phase-I drug metabolism.
Palladium-catalyzed nucleomethylation of alkynes for synthesis of methylated heteroaromatic compounds
作者:Xi Yang、Gang Wang、Zhi-Shi Ye
DOI:10.1039/d2sc03294e
日期:——
efficient palladium-catalyzed nucleomethylation of alkynes for the simultaneous construction of the heteroaromatic ring and methyl group. The 3-methylindoles, 3-methylbenzofurans and 4-methylisoquinolines were obtained in moderate to excellent yields. Notably, this methodology was employed as a key step for synthesis of a pregnane X receptor antagonist, zindoxifene, bazedoxifene and AFN-1252. The kinetic studies
在此,我们公开了一种新颖且有效的钯催化炔烃核甲基化,用于同时构建杂芳环和甲基。3-甲基吲哚、3-甲基苯并呋喃和4-甲基异喹啉以中等至优异的产率获得。值得注意的是,该方法被用作合成孕烷 X 受体拮抗剂、津多昔芬、巴多昔芬和 AFN-1252 的关键步骤。动力学研究表明,还原消除可能是决定速率的步骤。
Pregnane X receptor (PXR), a member of the NR1I nuclear receptor family, acts as a xenobiotic sensor and a paramount transcriptional regulator of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. The overexpression of PXR in various cancer cells indicates the importance of PXR as a drug target for countering multidrug resistance in anticancer treatments. We describe the discovery of novel bazedoxifene-scaffold-based PXR antagonists inspired by the marine sulfated steroids solomonsterol A and B as natural leads. A luciferase reporter assay on a PXR-transfected HepG2 cell line identified compounds 19-24 as promising PXR antagonists. Further structure-activity relationship studies of the most active PXR antagonist from the series (compound 20, IC50 = 11 mu M) revealed the importance of hydroxyl groups as hydrogen-bond donors for PXR antagonistic activity. PXR antagonists 20 and 24 (IC50 = 14 mu M), in addition to the downregulation of PXR expression, exhibited inhibition of PXR-induced CYP3A4 expression, which illustrates their potential to suppress PXR-regulated phase-I drug metabolism.