The present invention provides an azulene derivative and a salt thereof, wherein an azulene ring is bonded to a benzene ring directly or via a lower alkylene which may be substituted with a halogen atom and the benzene ring is directly bonded to the glucose residue, and it is usable as a Na
+
-glucose cotransporter inhibitor, especially for a therapeutic and/or preventive agent for diabetes such as insulin-dependent diabetes (type 1 diabetes) and insulin-independent diabetes (type 2 diabetes), as well as diabetes-related diseases such as insulin-resistant diseases and obesity.
Somesterically protected 2-(1-azulenyl)- and 2-(2-azulenyl)-1-(2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenyl)-1-phosphaethenes were prepared from the corresponding silylphosphide and 1- and 2-formylazulenes by the phospha-Peterson reactions. The crystal structure of 2-(6-isopropyl-1-azulenyl)-1-(2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenyl)-1-phosphaethene was determined by the X-ray analysis.
10,12-Bisdehydro-3-isopropyl-9,14-dimethyl[14]- and -11,16-dimethyl[16]annuleno[a]azulene in which the conjugated 14- and 16-membered rings are fused to azulene ring, have been synthesized. It was found that the fusion of azulene ring suppresses the diatropicity of [4n+2], 14π-electron system to a smaller extent than benzene ring.
The present invention provides an azulene derivative and a salt thereof, wherein an azulene ring is bonded to a benzene ring directly or via a lower alkylene which may be substituted with a halogen atom and the benzene ring is directly bonded to the glucose residue, and it is usable as a Na+-glucose cotransporter inhibitor, especially for a therapeutic and/or preventive agent for diabetes such as insulin-dependent diabetes (type 1 diabetes) and insulin-independent diabetes (type 2 diabetes), as well as diabetes-related diseases such as insulin-resistant diseases and obesity.