Inhibition of Oncogenic Transcription Factor REL by the Natural Product Derivative Calafianin Monomer 101 Induces Proliferation Arrest and Apoptosis in Human B-Lymphoma Cell Lines
作者:Alan Yeo、Spandan Chennamadhavuni、Adrian Whitty、John Porco、Thomas Gilmore
DOI:10.3390/molecules20057474
日期:——
Increased activity of transcription factor NF-κB has been implicated in many B-cell lymphomas. We investigated effects of synthetic compound calafianin monomer (CM101) on biochemical and biological properties of NF-κB. In human 293 cells, CM101 selectively inhibited DNA binding by overexpressed NF-κB subunits REL (human c-Rel) and p65 as compared to NF-κB p50, and inhibition of REL and p65 DNA binding by CM101 required a conserved cysteine residue. CM101 also inhibited DNA binding by REL in human B-lymphoma cell lines, and the sensitivity of several B-lymphoma cell lines to CM101-induced proliferation arrest and apoptosis correlated with levels of cellular and nuclear REL. CM101 treatment induced both phosphorylation and decreased expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-XL, a REL target gene product, in sensitive B-lymphoma cell lines. Ectopic expression of Bcl-XL protected SUDHL-2 B-lymphoma cells against CM101-induced apoptosis, and overexpression of a transforming mutant of REL decreased the sensitivity of BJAB B-lymphoma cells to CM101-induced apoptosis. Lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of NF-κB signaling upstream components occurred in RAW264.7 macrophages at CM101 concentrations that blocked NF-κB DNA binding. Direct inhibitors of REL may be useful for treating B-cell lymphomas in which REL is active, and may inhibit B-lymphoma cell growth at doses that do not affect some immune-related responses in normal cells.
转录因子NF-κB活性增加与许多B细胞淋巴瘤相关。我们研究了合成化合物calafianin单体(CM101)对NF-κB的生化和生物学特性的影响。在人类293细胞中,CM101选择性抑制了过表达的NF-κB亚单位REL(人类c-Rel)和p65的DNA结合,而NF-κB p50的DNA结合未受到影响。CM101对REL和p65 DNA结合的抑制需要一个保守的半胱氨酸残基。CM101还在几种人类B淋巴瘤细胞系中抑制了REL的DNA结合,且几种B淋巴瘤细胞系对CM101诱导的增殖停滞和细胞凋亡的敏感性与细胞和核内REL的水平相关。CM101处理引起了敏感B淋巴瘤细胞系中抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-XL的磷酸化和表达降低,Bcl-XL是REL的靶基因产物。异位表达Bcl-XL保护了SUDHL-2 B淋巴瘤细胞免受CM101诱导的凋亡,而REL的转化突变体的过表达降低了BJAB B淋巴瘤细胞对CM101诱导凋亡的敏感性。脂多糖诱导的NF-κB信号上游组分在CM101浓度下被激活,而该浓度能够阻止NF-κB DNA结合。直接抑制REL的化合物可能对那些REL活跃的B细胞淋巴瘤的治疗有用,并可能在不影响正常细胞某些免疫相关反应的剂量下抑制B淋巴瘤细胞生长。