Protecting Group Dependence of Stereochemical Outcome of Glycosylation of 2-<i>O</i>-(Thiophen-2-yl)methyl Ether Protected Glycosyl Donors
作者:Andrew J. A. Watson、Stewart R. Alexander、Daniel J. Cox、Antony J. Fairbanks
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201600071
日期:2016.3
A series of glycosyl donors possessing a (thiophen-2-yl)methyl ether protecting group at position 2 were synthesised and the effect of the protecting group pattern of other hydroxyls on the stereochemical outcome of glycosylation was investigated. Studies revealed optimal α-selectivity for glycosylation using a fully armed tri-benzylated donor, whilst other protecting group patterns were significantly
Gold(III) activation of unprotected propargyl glycosyl donors has been shown to be effective for the synthesis of saccharides. Terminal propargyl glycosides of glucose, galactose, and mannose required heating at reflux in acetonitrile with 5% AuCl(3) for reaction with various primary alcohol acceptors, the latter used in 10-fold molar excess relative to donor. Donors containing the 2-butynyl group were more reactive, giving good yields of glycoside products at lower temperatures Secondary alcohols could also be used but with diminished efficiency. The propargylic family of donors is especially convenient because they can be easily prepared on large scale by Fischer glycosylation and stored indefinitely before chemoselective activation by the catalyst.
Direct Glycosylation of Bioactive Small Molecules with Glycosyl Iodide and Strained Olefin as Acid Scavenger
A new strategy for diversity-oriented direct glycosylation of bioactive small molecules was developed. This reaction features (-)-beta-pinene as acid scavenger and work with glycosyl iodides under mild conditions. With the aid of RP-HPLC and chiral SFC separation techniques, the new direct glycosylation proved effective at gram scale on bioactive small molecules including AZD6244, podophyllotoxin, paclitaxel, and docetaxel. Interesting glycoside derivatives were efficiently created with good yields and 1,2-cis selectivity.