Substituent effects of cis-cinnamic acid analogues as plant growh inhibitors
摘要:
1-O-cis-Cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose is one of the most potent allelochemicals that has been isolated from Spiraea thunbergii Sieb by Hiradate et al. It derives its strong inhibitory activity from cis-cinnamic acid (cis-CA), which is crucial for phytotoxicity. By preparing and assaying a series of cis-CA analogues, it was previously found that the key features of cis-CA for lettuce root growth inhibition are a phenyl ring, cis-configuration of the alkene moiety, and carboxylic acid. On the basis of a structure-activity relationship study, the substituent effects on the aromatic ring of cis-CA were examined by systematic synthesis and the lettuce root growth inhibition assay of a series of cis-CA analogues having substituents on the aromatic ring. While ortho- and para-substituted analogues exhibited low potency in most cases, meta-substitution was not critical for potency, and analogues having a hydrophobic and sterically small substituent were more likely to be potent. Finally, several cis-CA analogues were found to be more potent root growth inhibitors than cis-CA. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Substituent effects of cis-cinnamic acid analogues as plant growh inhibitors
摘要:
1-O-cis-Cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose is one of the most potent allelochemicals that has been isolated from Spiraea thunbergii Sieb by Hiradate et al. It derives its strong inhibitory activity from cis-cinnamic acid (cis-CA), which is crucial for phytotoxicity. By preparing and assaying a series of cis-CA analogues, it was previously found that the key features of cis-CA for lettuce root growth inhibition are a phenyl ring, cis-configuration of the alkene moiety, and carboxylic acid. On the basis of a structure-activity relationship study, the substituent effects on the aromatic ring of cis-CA were examined by systematic synthesis and the lettuce root growth inhibition assay of a series of cis-CA analogues having substituents on the aromatic ring. While ortho- and para-substituted analogues exhibited low potency in most cases, meta-substitution was not critical for potency, and analogues having a hydrophobic and sterically small substituent were more likely to be potent. Finally, several cis-CA analogues were found to be more potent root growth inhibitors than cis-CA. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Hypervalent iodine(<scp>iii</scp>) induced oxidative olefination of benzylamines using Wittig reagents
作者:Vijayalakshmi Ramavath、Bapurao D. Rupanawar、Satish G. More、Ajay H. Bansode、Gurunath Suryavanshi
DOI:10.1039/d1nj01170g
日期:——
and secondary benzylamines using 2C-Wittig reagents, which provides easyaccess to α,β-unsaturated esters. Mild reaction conditions, good to excellent yields with high (E) selectivity, and a broad substrate scope are the key features of this reaction. We have successfully carried out the gram-scale synthesis of α,β-unsaturated esters.