Glycosylation endows both natural and synthetic small molecules with modulated physicochemical and biological properties. Plant and bacterial glycosyltransferases capable of decorating various privileged scaffolds have been extensively studied, but those from kingdom Fungi still remain underexploited. Here, we use a combination of genome mining and heterologous expression techniques to identify four novel glycosyltransferase-methyltransferase (GT-MT) functional modules from Hypocreales fungi. These GT-MT modules display decent substrate promiscuity and regiospecificity, methylglucosylating a panel of natural products such as flavonoids, stilbenoids, anthraquinones, and benzenediol lactones. Native GT-MT modules can be split up and regrouped into hybrid modules with similar or even improved efficacy as compared with native pairs. Methylglucosylation of kaempferol considerably improves its insecticidal activity against the larvae of oriental armyworm Mythimna separata (Walker). Our work provides a set of efficient biocatalysts for the combinatorial biosynthesis of small molecule glycosides that may have significant importance to the pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food industries.
Microbial Metabolism of Biologically Active Secondary Metabolites from Nerium oleander L.
作者:Amany Ibrahim、Sherief Ibrahim Khalifa、Ishrak Khafagi、Diaa Tohamy Youssef、Shabana Khan、Mostafa Mesbah、Ikhlas Khan
DOI:10.1248/cpb.56.1253
日期:——
Ursolic acid (1) and kaempferol (3) are two major constituents of the Mediterranean plant Nerium oleander L. Microbial metabolism of (1) with Aspergillus flavus (ATCC 9170) resulted in the formation of 3-oxo-ursolic acid derivative, ursonic acid (2). On the other hand, Cunninghamella blakesleeana (ATCC 8688A) was able to convert (3) into kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4) as well as the new natural product kaempferol 4′-sulfate (5). Incubation of kaempferol with Mucor ramannianus (ATCC 9628) led to the isolation of one metabolite identified as kaempferol 4′-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (6). Transformation of kaempferol to the new compound kaempferol 7-O-β-D-4-O-methylglucopyranoside (7) and herbacetin 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8) was observed after fermentation with Beauveria bassiana (ATCC 13144). Cytotoxic as well as antioxidant activities of the isolated metabolites were determined.