毒性可安全用于食品(FDA,§172.515,2000)。
使用限量:
食品添加剂最大允许使用量及最大允许残留量标准
添加剂中文名称 | 允许使用的食品中文名称 | 添加剂功能 | 最大允许使用量(g/kg) | 最大允许残留量(g/kg) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1-戊烯-3-醇 | 食品 | 食品用香料 | 用于配制香精的各香料成分不得超过在GB 2760中的最大允许使用量和最大允许残留量 |
化学性质
1-戊烯-3-醇是一种无色至淡黄色液体,具有水果香味。其沸点为114℃,闪点为28℃。相对密度(d₂₅)为0.8344,折射率(nD₂₅)为1.4223;旋光度:d型[α]D+10.5°(乙醇中),l型[α]D-7.1°(乙醇中)。它微溶于水且混溶于乙醇、乙醚。
天然存在于橙子、草莓、番茄等植物中。
用途
根据GB 2760—1996,1-戊烯-3-醇被规定为允许使用的食品用香料。
生产方法
由1-氯代-2-戊烯与氢氧化钠溶液长时间接触后形成。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1-戊烯-3-醇 | 1-Penten-3-ol | 616-25-1 | C5H10O | 86.1338 |
1,4-戊二烯-3-醇 | divinylcarbinol | 922-65-6 | C5H8O | 84.1179 |
The use of different organomagnesium reagents in the copper-catalyzed allylic alkylation of 3-chloropropenyl boronates with chiral phosphoramidite ligands produces the desired α-substituted allylic boronate reagents in high regioselectivity and with modest to high enantioselectivities (up to 96% ee). The size of the incoming alkyl substituent from the organomagnesium reagent was found to impact the yield and selectivity of the allylic alkylation. A one-pot procedure for the preparation of these chiral allylic boronates followed by a Lewis acid (BF3) catalyzed addition to aldehydes delivers the desired allylboration products, homoallylic secondary alcohols, in good yields and very high diastereoselectivity. This three-component reaction methodology was applied to the syntheses of two lactone-containing natural products, (–)-massoialactone and (+)-(3R,5R)-3-hydroxy-5-decanolide. The key step of these syntheses involved the one-pot enantioselective copper-catalyzed allylic alkylation/allylboration reaction with a benzylic aldehyde, and afforded the desired product in 87% yield, 92% ee, and high E/Z selectivity in a ratio of 22:1. Remarkably, the allylic alkylation step of this sequential reaction was performed with a low catalyst loading of 2 mol% on a scale of >15 mmol that can provide multiple grams of the three-component product.