3,4,4-三甲基戊醛 | 37179-52-5

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氧化合物
• 中文名称: 3,4,4-三甲基戊醛
• 英文名称: 3,4,4-trimethyl-pentanal
• 英文别名: 3,4,4-trimethyl-valeraldehyde；3,4,4-Trimethyl-valeraldehyd；2.2.3-Trimethyl-pentanal-(5)；3,4,4-Trimethylpentanal
• CAS: 37179-52-5
• 化学式: C₈H₁₆O
• 分子量: 128.214
• InChiKey: LEBVLOLOVGHEFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  56-57 °C(Press: 19 Torr)
• 密度：
  0.809±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.2
• 重原子数：
  9
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.88
• 拓扑面积：
  17.1
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  1

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  3,4,4-三甲基戊醛 在 silver(l) oxide 作用下， 以 sodium hydroxide 为溶剂， 反应 3.0h， 以74%的产率得到3,4,4-三甲基戊酸
  参考文献：
  名称：

  分子性质与手性烷烃构象的关系

  摘要：

  以两种方式制备2,2,3,5,6-五甲基庚烷的非对映异构体的混合物，从（3 R）构型的化合物开始或从（5 R）构型的化合物开始。GC的比较。这两种混合物的馏分的旋光性和旋光性允许将绝对构型和摩尔旋光性明确分配给各种非对映异构体（[ M ] = + 119.1°（（3 R，5 R）-和[ M ] =对于（3 R，5 S）-非对映异构体）。根据使用旋转异构体3态模型进行构象分析所期望的很高的摩尔旋转力，被解释为源自分子的“构象刚度”，即仅存在少量构象异构体。这些化合物的构象性质是使用新方法计算的，该方法以5°的步长扫描每个键（2π）的整个空间，并基于半经验势函数计算构象能。根据先验性评估两个非对映异构体每个键的构象柔性该键的概率密度函数。这使我们可以详细分析构型差异如何影响构象特性。我们小组最近开发的一种新方法计算出的两种非对映异构体的摩尔旋转力与实验数据非常吻合。根据单键的贡献来分析摩尔旋转功率。

  DOI：

  10.1002/hlca.19810640844
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  (E)-3,4,4-trimethylpent-2-en-1-ol 在 (1,5-cyclooctadiene)(pyridine)(tricyclohexylphosphine)iridium(I) tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate 、 氢气 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 为溶剂， 反应 16.0h， 以100%的产率得到3,4,4-三甲基戊醛
  参考文献：
  名称：

  在温和的反应条件下铱催化伯烯丙基醇的异构化

  摘要：

  使用Crabtree铱氢化催化剂的类似物并通过适当调整实验条件，可以实现伯烯丙基醇向相应醛的异构化。通过使用低至0.25 mol％的催化剂负载量，可在室温下在方便的反应时间内将多种底物定量转化为所需的醛。

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.04.130

文献信息

• ORGANIC SALTS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING CHIRAL ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
  申请人：List Benjamin

  公开号：US20090030216A1

  公开（公告）日：2009-01-29

  The invention relates to a method for producing chiral organic compounds by asymmetric catalysis, using ionic catalysts comprising a chiral catalyst anion. The claimed method is suitable for reactions which are carried out over cationic intermediate stages, such as iminium ions or acyl pyridinium ions. The invention enables the production of chiral compounds with high ee values, that until now could only be obtained by means of costly purification methods.

  该发明涉及一种通过不对称催化制备手性有机化合物的方法，使用包括手性催化剂阴离子的离子催化剂。所述方法适用于在阳离子中间体阶段进行的反应，例如亚胺离子或酰基吡啶离子。该发明实现了具有高ee值的手性化合物的生产，直到现在只能通过昂贵的纯化方法获得。
• PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NEOPENTYLGLYCOL USING FORMALDEHYDE WITH A LOW METHANOL CONTENT
  申请人：Sirch Tilman

  公开号：US20080004475A1

  公开（公告）日：2008-01-03

  A process is provided for the preparation of polymethylol compounds of formula (I): (HOCH 2 ) 2 —C—(R) 2 ,   (I) in which the radicals R independently of one another are each a further methylol group, an alkyl group having from 1 to 22 C atoms or an aryl or aralkyl group having from 6 to 22 C atoms, by (a) condensing aldehydes having from 2 to 24 C atoms with formaldehyde in an aldol reaction using tertiary amines as a catalyst to give alkanals of formula (II): in which the radicals R independently of one another are each as defined above, (b) then separating, by distillation, the reaction mixture obtained into a bottom product comprising predominantly the compounds of formula II and a low-boiling stream consisting of unconverted or partially converted starting materials, and (c) hydrogenating the distillation bottom, wherein the aldol reaction is carried out with an aqueous formaldehyde solution having a methanol content of 0.35 to 0.5% by weight of methanol, the low-boiling stream is separated off at a pressure of 1 to 3 bar and temperatures of 100 to 135° C. and completely or partially recycled into the aldol reaction. This procedure advantageously makes it possible specifically to prevent the formation of by-products and hence to increase the yield of the desired polymethylol compound. We have found that this object is achieved by a process for the preparation of polymethylol compounds of formula (I): (HOCH 2 ) 2 —C—(R) 2 ,   (I) in which the radicals R independently of one another are each a further methylol group, an alkyl group having from 1 to 22 C atoms or an aryl or aralkyl group having from 6 to 22 C atoms, by (a) condensing aldehydes having from 2 to 24 C atoms with formaldehyde in an aldol reaction using tertiary amines as a catalyst to give alkanals of formula (II): in which the radicals R independently of one another are each as defined above, (b) then separating, by distillation, the reaction mixture obtained (aldolization product) into a bottom product comprising predominantly the compounds of formula II and a low-boiling stream consisting of unconverted or partially converted starting materials, and (c) hydrogenating the distillation bottom, wherein the aldol reaction is carried out with an aqueous formaldehyde solution having a methanol content of 0.35 to 0.5% by weight, the separation of the low-boiling stream is effected at a pressure of 1.1 to 3 bar, preferably 1.5 bar, and a temperature of 100 to 135° C., preferably of 102 to 125° C., and the low-boiling stream is completely or partially recycled into the aldol reaction, preferably the entire low-boiling stream being recycled. In the aldol reaction, a partially converted starting compound of formula (III): can also be formed in which the radicals R independently of one another are each hydrogen or are as defined above. According to the invention, this partially converted starting compound of formula (III), together with the desired alkanal of formula (II), is separated from the other by-products and the unreacted starting compounds and reacted again in an aldol reaction with formaldehyde having a methanol content of 0.35% by weight to 0.5% by weight, using tertiary amines as a catalyst.

  提供了一种制备通式(I)的聚羟甲基化合物的方法：(HOCH2)2—C—(R)2，其中R基团彼此独立地分别为另一个羟甲基、具有1至22个碳原子的烷基、或具有6至22个碳原子的芳基或芳烷基，该方法包括：(a) 在叔胺催化剂存在下，通过醇醛反应将具有2至24个碳原子的醛与甲醛缩合，得到通式(II)的烷基醛：其中R基团彼此独立地如上定义，(b) 然后通过蒸馏将获得的反应混合物分离成主要包含通式(II)化合物的底部产物和由未转化或部分转化的起始材料组成的低沸点流，以及(c) 氢化蒸馏底部，其中醇醛反应使用含有0.35%至0.5%重量甲醇的甲醛水溶液进行，低沸点流在1至3巴的压力和100至135°C的温度下分离，并完全或部分循环回醇醛反应中。这种方法特别有利于防止副产物的形成，从而提高所需聚羟甲基化合物的收率。我们发现，通过一种制备通式(I)的聚羟甲基化合物的方法可以实现这一目标：(HOCH2)2—C—(R)2，其中R基团彼此独立地如上定义，该方法包括：(a) 在叔胺催化剂存在下，通过醇醛反应将具有2至24个碳原子的醛与甲醛缩合，得到通式(II)的烷基醛：其中R基团彼此独立地如上定义，(b) 然后通过蒸馏将获得的反应混合物（醇醛化产物）分离成主要包含通式(II)化合物的底部产物和由未转化或部分转化的起始材料组成的低沸点流，以及(c) 氢化蒸馏底部，其中醇醛反应使用含有0.35%至0.5%重量甲醇的甲醛水溶液进行，低沸点流的分离在1.1至3巴的压力下进行，优选1.5巴，温度为100至135°C，优选102至125°C，低沸点流完全或部分循环回醇醛反应中，优选整个低沸点流循环。在醇醛反应中，还可以形成部分转化的起始化合物通式(III)：其中R基团彼此独立地分别为氢或如上定义。根据本发明，这种部分转化的起始化合物通式(III)与所需的烷基醛通式(II)一起，从其他副产物和未反应的起始化合物中分离出来，并在叔胺催化剂存在下，使用含有0.35%重量至0.5%重量甲醇的甲醛进行再次醇醛反应。
• PROCESS FOR PREPARING POLYALCOHOLS FROM FORMALDEHYDE HAVING A LOW FORMIC ACID CONTENT
  申请人：Sirch Timan

  公开号：US20080167506A1

  公开（公告）日：2008-07-10

  The invention relates to a process for preparing polymethylol compounds of the formula (I) (HOCH 2 ) 2 —C—R 2 (I) where the radicals R are each, independently of one another, a further methylol group or an alkyl group having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms or an aryl or aralkyl group having from 6 to 22 carbon atoms, by condensation of aldehydes having from 2 to 24 carbon atoms with formaldehyde in an aldol reaction using tertiary amines as catalyst to form alkanals of the formula (II) where the radicals R each independently have one of the abovementioned meanings, and subsequent hydrogenation of the latter. The particular inventive feature of this process is that the aldol reaction is carried out using an aqueous formaldehyde solution having a formic acid content of <150 ppm and preferably <100 ppm. In this way of carrying out the process, the formation of by-products can advantageously be prevented in a targeted manner and the yield of the desired polymethylol compound can thereby be increased.

  该发明涉及一种制备多羟甲基化合物的方法，其化学式为(I)(HOCH2)2—C—R2(I)，其中基团R分别独立地为另一个甲醇基团或具有1至22个碳原子的烷基基团或具有6至22个碳原子的芳香基或芳基烷基基团，通过将具有2至24个碳原子的醛与甲醛在醛缩反应中使用三级胺作为催化剂进行缩合，形成化学式(II)的脂醛，其中基团R各自独立地具有上述含义之一，并随后对其进行氢化。该方法的特殊创新特点在于，在使用含有甲醛的水溶液进行醛缩反应时，其甲酸含量小于150 ppm，最好小于100 ppm。通过采用这种方法进行处理，可以有针对性地防止副产物的形成，并从而增加所需多羟甲基化合物的产率。
• METHOD FOR PREPARING POLYMETHYLOLS
  申请人：Sirch Tilman

  公开号：US20120004472A1

  公开（公告）日：2012-01-05

  The present invention relates to a process for distilling an aqueous polymethylol mixture which comprises a polymethylol of the formula (I) (HOCH 2 ) 2 —C—R 2 (I) in which each R is independently a further methylol group or an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms or an aryl or aralkyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, a tertiary amine, water and the adduct of tertiary amine and formic acid (amine formate), which comprises performing the distillation in a distillation column which is connected at the bottom to an evaporator, the bottom temperature being above the evaporation temperature of the monoester of formic acid and polymethylol (polymethylol formate) which forms during distillation. The present invention further relates to a composition comprising polymethylol and 1 to 10 000 ppm by weight of polymethylol formate, and to the use thereof.

  本发明涉及一种蒸馏含水多羟甲基混合物的工艺，该混合物包含通式(I)的多羟甲基化合物(HOCH2)2—C—R2(I)，其中每个R独立地为另一个羟甲基团或具有1至22个碳原子的烷基团，或具有6至22个碳原子的芳基或芳烷基团，以及叔胺、水和叔胺与甲酸的加合物（胺甲酸酯），该工艺包括在连接于底部蒸发器的蒸馏塔中进行蒸馏，底部温度高于蒸馏过程中形成的一甲酸酯和多羟甲基化合物（多羟甲基甲酸酯）的蒸发温度。本发明还涉及包含多羟甲基化合物及1至10000ppm重量的多羟甲基甲酸酯的组合物及其用途。
• Hydride reduction of alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds using chiral organic catalysts
  申请人：MacMillan David

  公开号：US20060161024A1

  公开（公告）日：2006-07-20

  Nonmetallic, chiral organic catalysts are used to catalyze the 1,4-hydride reduction of an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound. The α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound may be an aldehyde or cyclic ketone, and the hydride donor may be a dihydropyridine. The reaction is enantioselective, and proceeds with a variety of hydride donors, catalysts, and substrates. The invention also provides compositions effective in carrying out the 1,4-hydride addition of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds.

  非金属手性有机催化剂被用于催化α，β-不饱和羰基化合物的1,4-氢化物还原。α，β-不饱和羰基化合物可以是醛或环酮，氢化物供体可以是二氢吡啶。该反应是对映选择性的，并且可以使用多种氢化物供体、催化剂和底物进行。该发明还提供了用于进行α，β-不饱和羰基化合物的1,4-氢化物加成的有效组合物。