The use of glycosyl iodides as an effective method for the preparation of glycosides has had a recent resurgence in carbohydrate chemistry, despite its early roots in which these species were believed to be of limited use. Renewed interest in these species as glycosylating agents has been spurred by their demonstrated utility in the stereoselective preparation of O-glycosides, and other glycosylic compounds. This review provides a brief historical account followed by an examination of the use of glycosyl iodides in the synthesis of oligosaccharicles and other glycomimetics, including C-glycosylic compounds, glycosyl azides and N-glycosides. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Thermal effect in β-selective glycosylation reactions using glycosyl iodides
作者:Mohamed H. El-Badry、Jacquelyn Gervay-Hague
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.07.129
日期:2005.9
acetate or the anomeric silylated derivative yielding the α-iodide. In the reported glycosylation reactions, protected glucosyl, galactosyl, and mannosyl iodides were reacted with trimethylene oxide as the acceptor, yielding the β-anomer as the major product. In the absence of neighboring group participation, β-selectivity is thought to arise from nucleophilic displacement of the α-iodide in an SN2-like
糖基碘化物的独特反应性以及它们在中性条件下反应的事实使它们成为我们糖基化策略的首选供体。糖基碘化物是从异头乙酸酯或异头甲硅烷基化衍生物中原位产生的,产生α-碘化物。在报道的糖基化反应中,使受保护的葡糖基,半乳糖基和甘露糖基碘化物与环氧丙烷作为受体反应,产生β-端基异构体作为主要产物。在没有邻近基团参与的情况下,认为β-选择性是由S - N 2样机制中α-碘的亲核取代引起的,而α-产物是对β-碘的亲核攻击的结果。在这项研究中,证明了利用逆热效应提高了β选择性。