用于心力衰竭的一类新型治疗药物,高效和选择性的GRK2抑制剂,在体外研究中表现出增强的β-肾上腺素信号传导能力。HTS将衍生物5和1,2,4-三唑衍生物24a鉴定为命中化合物。新一代的脚手架和所有部分的SAR研究都产生了带有N-苄基羧酰胺部分的4-甲基-1,2,4-三唑衍生物,对GRK2的活性很高,对其他激酶的选择性更高。在亚型选择性方面,这些化合物对GRK1、5、6和7表现出足够的选择性,并且对GRK3具有几乎相同的抑制作用。我们的药物化学努力导致发现了115h(GRK2 IC 50= 18 nM),获得了与人GRK2和GRK2抑制剂的共晶体结构,该抑制剂增强了β-肾上腺素能受体(βAR)介导的cAMP积累,并防止了用异丙肾上腺素处理过的表达β2AR的HEK293细胞中βAR的内在化。因此,115h似乎是心力衰竭治疗的一种新型疗法。
A new series of imidazolyl nitrones spin traps has been synthesized and evaluated pharmacologically. The salient structural feature of these molecules is the presence of an imidazole moiety substituted by aromatic or heteroaromatic cycles. This connectivity imparts to the nitrone superior neuroprotective properties in vivo and in parallel reduced side effects and toxicity. Thus compound 6a (a 2-phenylimidazolyl nitrone) administered intraperitoneally protects (80%) mice from lethality induced by an intracerebroventricular administration of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) an oxidant capable of inducing neurodegenerative processes. Administration of the archetypal nitrone phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN) at an equimolar dose also affords some protection (60%) in this test. However, this activity is accompanied by hypothermia, whereas no such effect is apparent for 6a. Moreover, previously prepared nonsubstituted or alkyl-substituted imidazolyl nitrones were shown to be extremely toxic to rats in contrast to the compounds prepared in this study. The observed activities in vivo correlate well with the calculated partition coefficients (ClogP) and HOMO energy level.
Photochemical trifluoromethylation of some biologically significant imidazoles
作者:Hiroshi Kimoto、Shozo Fujii、Louis A. Cohen
DOI:10.1021/jo00180a021
日期:1984.3
KIMOTO, HIROSHI;FUJII, SHOZO;COHEN, L. A., J. ORG. CHEM., 1984, 49, N 6, 1060-1064