Radical Additions of Alkyl 2-Haloalkanoates and 2-Haloalkanenitriles to Alkenes Initiated by Electron Transfer from Copper in Solvent-Free Systems
作者:Jürgen O. Metzger、Ralf Mahler、Gerald Francke
DOI:10.1002/jlac.199719971119
日期:1997.11
Alkyl 2-iodoalkanoates 2, and 2-iodoalkanenitriles 15 were added, with copper powder, to the 1-alkenes 1a, e, f, and h, and to the alkenes 1b, c, d, and g with a 1,2-dialkyl substituted double bond, to give, respectively, γ-lactones and 4-iodoalkanenitriles in very good yields. No solvent was used. The reaction is a free radical addition initiated by electrontransferfrom copper to the activated iodoalkane
Radical alkylations of activated alkyl iodides and bromides were achieved usingvinyltriflates in the presence of hexadimethyltin, whereas those of unactivated C-H bonds usingvinyltriflates proceeded cleanly under tin-free conditions.
Tandem <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Dialkylation Reaction of <i>N</i>-Trimethylsilyl α-Iminoesters Utilizing an Umpolung Reaction and Characteristics of the Silyl Substituent: Synthesis of Pyrrolidine, Piperidine, and Iminodiacetate
with organometallics gave directly N-alkylaminoesters in high yields without the need for removing a protecting group at the nitrogen atom. Efficient syntheses of pyrrolidines, piperidines, and iminodiacetate derivatives were also developed via tandem N,N- or N,C-dialkylation reactions utilizing characteristics of the silyl substituent. Furthermore, under the influence of silica gel, the addition of
[EN] COMPOUNDS USEFUL AS INHIBITORS OF ATR KINASE<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS UTILES COMME INHIBITEURS DE LA KINASE ATR
申请人:VERTEX PHARMA
公开号:WO2011143426A1
公开(公告)日:2011-11-17
The present invention relates to pyrazine and pyridine compounds useful as inhibitors of ATR protein kinase. The invention also relates to pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising the compounds of this invention; methods of treating various diseases, disorders, and conditions using the compounds of this invention; processes for preparing the compounds of this invention; intermediates for the preparation of the compounds of this invention; and methods of using the compounds in in vitro applications, such as the study of kinases in biological and pathological phenomena; the study of intracellular signal transduction pathways mediated by such kinases; and the comparative evaluation of new kinase inhibitors. The compounds of this invention have formula I wherein the variables are as defined herein.
Dehalogenation of α-Halo Carbonyl Compounds by a New Efficient Reagent, Triphenylphosphonium Iodide
作者:Naoshi Kamiya、Hiroshi Tanmatu、Yasutaka Ishii
DOI:10.1246/cl.1992.293
日期:1992.2
Triphenylphosphonium iodide, Ph3PHI, was found to be an efficient reagent for the dehalogenation of α-halo carbonyl compounds. α-Halo esters, which were difficult to be reduced with Me3SiCl/Nal reagent, was smoothly debrominated by Ph3PHI. Treatment of α-halocarbonyl compounds with Ph3PDI produced the corresponding α-deuterated compounds.