Design, synthesis, and evaluation of non-steroidal farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonist
摘要:
A series of substituted-isoxazole derivatives was prepared as candidate farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonists, based on our previously proposed ligand superfamily concept. Structure-activity relationship studies indicated that the shape and the structural bulkiness of the substituent at the 5-position of the isoxazole ring affected FXR-antagonistic activity. Compounds 15g (5-substituent: 2-naphthyl) and 15h (5-substituent: 4-biphenyl) were identified as potent antagonists with higher selectivity for FXR over progesterone receptor than the naturally occurring FXR antagonist GS. The 5-substituent is also a critical determinant of the characteristic corepressor recruitment profile of this class of FXR antagonists, though distinct mechanisms appear to be involved: 15h stabilizes the corepressor-nuclear receptor interaction, while 15g inhibits coactivator recruitment. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The pyrazole compound of the present invention is represented by the following general formula (I). The pyrazole compound of the present invention or a salt thereof or a solvate thereof potently inhibits liver glycogen phosphorylase, and, therefore, is useful as a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for diabetes.
wherein each symbol denotes as described in the specifications.
CAN-Catalyzed Rapid C–O Bond Formation towards α-Aminoxylation of Ketones
作者:Ning Jiao、Peng Feng、Song Song、Li-He Zhang
DOI:10.1055/s-0034-1379102
日期:——
A simple and efficient approach towards α-oxyaminated ketones has been developed through CAN-catalyzed C–O bond formation with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO). The environmentally friendly transformation is practical due to the use of commercial available catalyst, easy operating procedures, the broad substrate scope, and short reaction time.
通过 CAN 催化的 C-O 键与 2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧基(TEMPO)形成,开发了一种简单有效的 α-氧胺化酮方法。由于使用市售催化剂、操作简单、底物范围广、反应时间短,这种环保转化是可行的。
IBX-Promoted Oxidative Cyclization of <i>N</i>-Hydroxyalkyl Enamines: A Metal-Free Approach toward 2,3-Disubstituted Pyrroles and Pyridines
An iodoxybenzoic acid-mediated selected oxidative cyclization of N-hydroxyalkyl enamines was developed. Through this strategy, a variety of 2,3-disubstituted pyrroles and pyridines were produced in good selectivity involving oxidation of alcohol, followed by condensation of aldehyde and α-C of enamines. Furthermore, this metal-free method has several advantages, including the use of environmentally
from β-ketoesters is described. This method involves selective cleaving NP bond of an unusual aminating reagent, [tris(dimethylamino)phosphonio]difluoroacetate (ADFA), which is well known as the difluoromethylene ylide precursor. The process is notable for its operational simplicity and good functional group tolerance.
Direct Access to Highly Substituted 1-Naphthols through Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Annulation of Benzoylacetates and Internal Alkynes
作者:Shiyong Peng、Lei Wang、Jian Wang
DOI:10.1002/chem.201302740
日期:2013.9.27
One for the pot: 1‐Naphthols, well‐known structural design elements in medicinal chemistry, were readily prepared by means of a one‐pot palladium‐catalyzed oxidativeannulation of readily available benzoylacetates to internalalkynes (see scheme).