酚类抗氧化剂目前引起越来越多的关注,作为潜在的治疗氧化应激相关疾病的药物。然而,它们的高亲水性导致其生物利用度较低,阻碍了高效抗氧化策略的开发。一种有前途的方法是通过脂肪亲和性基团嫁接来增加它们的疏水性,形成新的“酚脂”。尽管疏水性通常被认为对于抗氧化性质有利,但值得探究的是,增加疏水性是否必然导致更有效的抗氧化药物。
为了回答这个问题,使用2′,7′-二氯二氢荧光素,研究一系列同源的酚类物质(绿原酸及其甲基、丁基、辛基、十二烷基和十六烷基酯)对于ROS过度表达的成纤维细胞系所产生的线粒体反应性氧化物质(ROS)的抗氧化能力。
总体而言,长链酯(十二烷基和十六烷基酯)比短链酯(甲基、丁基和辛基酯)更活跃,十二烷基绿原酸具有最佳活性。此外,十二烷基绿原酸在细胞毒性阈值以下的浓度和孵育时间内表现出强烈的抗氧化能力,使其成为进一步体内研究的有前途的候选药物。更重要的是,我们发现从12个碳延长到16个碳的链长度意外地导致了抗氧化能力的45%降低。
本文将讨论通过截止理论解释抗氧化能力的突然崩溃的理解,这可能有助于开发一种合理的方法来设计新的两性抗氧化药物,特别是中等脂肪链的酚脂。
Phenolic antioxidants are currently attracting a growing interest as potential therapeutic agents to counteract diseases associated with oxidative stress. However, their high hydrophilicity results in a poor bioavailability hindering the development of efficient antioxidant strategies. A promising way to overcome this is to increase their hydrophobicity by lipophilic moiety grafting to form the newly coined ‘phenolipids’. Although hydrophobicity is generally considered as advantageous regarding antioxidant properties, it is nevertheless worth investigating whether increasing hydrophobicity necessarily leads to a more efficient antioxidant drug.
To answer this question, the antioxidant capacity of a homologous series of phenolics (chlorogenic acid and its methyl, butyl, octyl, dodecyl and hexadecyl esters) toward mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in a ROS-overexpressing fibroblast cell line was investigated using 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein.
Overall, the long chain esters (dodecyl and hexadecyl esters) were more active than the short ones (methyl, butyl, and octyl esters), with an optimal activity for dodecyl chlorogenate. Moreover, dodecyl chlorogenate exerted a strong antioxidant capacity, for concentration and incubation time below the cytotoxicity threshold, making it a promising candidate for further in-vivo studies. More importantly, we found that the elongation of the chain length from 12 to 16 carbons led unexpectedly to a 45% decrease of antioxidant capacity.
The understanding of this sudden collapse of the antioxidant capacity through the cut-off theory will be discussed in this article, and may contribute towards development of a rational approach to design novel amphiphilic antioxidant drugs, especially phenolipids with medium fatty chain.
酚类抗氧化剂目前引起越来越多的关注,作为潜在的治疗氧化应激相关疾病的药物。然而,它们的高亲水性导致其生物利用度较低,阻碍了高效抗氧化策略的开发。一种有前途的方法是通过脂肪亲和性基团嫁接来增加它们的疏水性,形成新的“酚脂”。尽管疏水性通常被认为对于抗氧化性质有利,但值得探究的是,增加疏水性是否必然导致更有效的抗氧化药物。
为了回答这个问题,使用2′,7′-二氯二氢荧光素,研究一系列同源的酚类物质(绿原酸及其甲基、丁基、辛基、十二烷基和十六烷基酯)对于ROS过度表达的成纤维细胞系所产生的线粒体反应性氧化物质(ROS)的抗氧化能力。
总体而言,长链酯(十二烷基和十六烷基酯)比短链酯(甲基、丁基和辛基酯)更活跃,十二烷基绿原酸具有最佳活性。此外,十二烷基绿原酸在细胞毒性阈值以下的浓度和孵育时间内表现出强烈的抗氧化能力,使其成为进一步体内研究的有前途的候选药物。更重要的是,我们发现从12个碳延长到16个碳的链长度意外地导致了抗氧化能力的45%降低。
本文将讨论通过截止理论解释抗氧化能力的突然崩溃的理解,这可能有助于开发一种合理的方法来设计新的两性抗氧化药物,特别是中等脂肪链的酚脂。