申请人:Kuraray Company Ltd.
公开号:US04745229A1
公开(公告)日:1988-05-17
A process for preparing .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aldehydes of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl or alkenyl group with or without being substituted with a lower acyloxy group. The aldehyde of the general formula (I) is prepared by reaction between an allylic chloride of the following general formula (IIa) ##STR2## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have, respectively, the same meanings as defined above, and an amine oxide selected from the group consisting of tri(lower alkyl)amine N-oxides of the formula, R.sub.3.sup.4 N.sup.+ O.sup.-, in which R.sup.4 represents a lower alkyl group having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and N-lower alkylmorpholine N-oxides of the following formula ##STR3## in which R.sup.5 represents a lower alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Alternatively, the aldehyde of the formula (I) is obtained by reaction between an allylic chloride of the following general formula (IIb) ##STR4## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have, respectively, the same meanings as defined above, and an amine oxide selected from the group consisting of tri(lower alkyl)amine N-oxides of the formula, R.sub.3.sup.4 N.sup.+ O.sup.-, in which R.sup.4 has the same meaning as defined above, and N-lower alkylmorpholine N-oxides of the following formula ##STR5## in which R.sup.5 has the same meaning as defined above, in the presence of an alkali metal iodide or a copper halide.
一种制备通式(I)中的α,β-不饱和醛的方法,其中R.sup.1、R.sup.2和R.sup.3分别是氢原子,或带有或不带有取代较低乙酰氧基团的烷基或烯基团。通式(I)中的醛通过以下通式(IIa)中的烯丙基氯化物与从以下组中选择的胺氧化物之间的反应制备:其中R.sup.1、R.sup.2和R.sup.3分别具有上述定义的相同含义,以及选择自下列公式的三(较低烷基)胺N-氧化物组成的群体中的一种:R.sub.3.sup.4 N.sup.+ O.sup.-,其中R.sup.4代表具有2至4个碳原子的较低烷基基团,以及下列公式的N-较低烷基吗啉N-氧化物:其中R.sup.5代表具有1至4个碳原子的较低烷基基团。或者,通式(I)中的醛可通过以下通式(IIb)中的烯丙基氯化物与从以下组中选择的胺氧化物之间的反应获得:其中R.sup.1、R.sup.2和R.sup.3分别具有上述定义的相同含义,以及选择自三(较低烷基)胺N-氧化物的公式R.sub.3.sup.4 N.sup.+ O.sup.-,其中R.sup.4具有上述定义的相同含义,以及下列公式的N-较低烷基吗啉N-氧化物:其中R.sup.5具有上述定义的相同含义,在碘化金属碱金属或卤化铜的存在下进行。