Guvacine 氢溴酸盐是一种在槟榔中发现的生物碱,能够有效抑制 GABA 的摄取。实验结果显示,它对大鼠 GAT-1、GAT-2 和 GAT-3 的 IC50 值分别为 39 μM、58 μM 和 378 μM。
1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid (3), the β, γ-unsaturated derivative of the GABA uptake inhibitor nipecotic acid (1), has been synthesized by deconjugation via the dilithium salt of the N-t-butyloxycarbonyl-protected intermediate (6). Substitution of the intermediate with alkylating agents or an aldehyde gave predominantly a-alkylated products but chlorination with N-chlorosuccinimide provided a route to the γ-substituted unsaturated amino acid (13a).