麦角瓦灵 | 2873-38-3

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 生物碱及其衍生物 - 麦角林及其衍生物
• 中文名称: 麦角瓦灵
• 英文名称: ergovaline
• 英文别名: Ergovalin；(6aR,9R)-N-[(1S,2S,4R,7S)-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-5,8-dioxo-7-propan-2-yl-3-oxa-6,9-diazatricyclo[7.3.0.02,6]dodecan-4-yl]-7-methyl-6,6a,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-indolo[4,3-fg]quinoline-9-carboxamide
• CAS: 2873-38-3
• 化学式: C₂₉H₃₅N₅O₅
• 分子量: 533.627
• InChiKey: BGHDUTQZGWOQIA-VQSKNWBGSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  221-222 °C
• 沸点：
  859.1±65.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.45±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
• 溶解度：
  可溶于氯仿（少许）、甲醇（少许）

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.4
• 重原子数：
  39
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  7.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.55
• 拓扑面积：
  118
• 氢给体数：
  3
• 氢受体数：
  6

ADMET

毒理性

• 毒性总结

麦角生物碱倾向于作为一个整体发挥作用，在肾上腺素能、多巴胺能和血清素能受体上产生复杂且多变的部分激动或拮抗作用。与这些效果相关的变量受到药剂、剂量、物种、组织、生理和内分泌状态以及实验条件的影响。特别是，麦角生物碱已被证明对5-HT1和5-HT2血清素受体、D1和D2多巴胺受体以及α-肾上腺素受体具有显著的亲和力。这可能导致多种不同的效果，包括血管收缩、惊厥和幻觉。

Ergoline alkaloids tend to act as a group, producing complex and variable effects of partial agonism or antagonism at adrenergic, dopaminergic, and serotonergic receptors. Variables relating to these effects are influenced by the agent, dosage, species, tissue, physiological, and endocrinological state, and experimental conditions. In particular, ergoline alkaloids have been shown to have the significant affinity towards the 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 serotonin receptors, D1 and D2 dopamine receptors, and alpha-adrenergic receptors. This can result in a number of different effects, including vasoconstriction, convulsions, and hallucinations. (A2914, A2915, A2916)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

对人类不具有致癌性（未被国际癌症研究机构IARC列名）。

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 健康影响

摄入麦角生物碱已知会导致麦角中毒。麦角中毒分为两种形式，坏疽型和惊厥型，可能取决于存在的麦角生物碱的不同种类和数量。

Ingestion of ergoline alkaloids is known to cause the disease ergotism. Ergotism occurs in two forms, gangrenous and convulsive, likely depending on the different kinds and amounts of ergoline alkaloids present. (A2913)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 暴露途径

口服、皮肤、吸入和 parenteral（被污染的药物）。 (A3101)

Oral, dermal, inhalation, and parenteral (contaminated drugs). (A3101)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 症状

痉挛性麦角中毒可以引起痛苦的抽搐和痉挛、腹泻、感觉异常、瘙痒、头痛、恶心和呕吐。通常胃肠道效应先于中枢神经系统效应。除了抽搐，还可能伴有幻觉和精神效应，包括躁狂或精神分裂症。坏疽性麦角中毒由于在血液循环较差的远端结构中引起的血管收缩，如手指和脚趾，从而导致干性坏疽。症状包括脱皮、周围脉搏微弱、周围感觉丧失、水肿，最终导致受影响组织的死亡和脱落。

Convulsive ergotism can cause painful seizures and spasms, diarrhea, paresthesias, itching, headaches, nausea and vomiting. Usually the gastrointestinal effects precede the central nervous system effects. As well as seizures there can be hallucinations and mental effects including mania or psychosis. Gangrenous ergotism causes dry gangrene as a result of vasoconstriction induced in the more poorly vascularized distal structures, such as the fingers and toes. Symptoms include desquamation, weak periphery pulse, loss of peripheral sensation, edema and ultimately the death and loss of affected tissues. (L1920)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

文献信息

• ENDOPHYTES AND RELATED METHODS
  申请人：Agriculture Victoria Services Pty Ltd

  公开号：EP2521442B1

  公开（公告）日：2016-06-22
• Endophytes and related methods
  申请人：Spangenberg German Carlos

  公开号：US20130104263A1

  公开（公告）日：2013-04-25

  The present invention relates to a method for identifying and/or characterising an endophyte strain, said method including providing a plurality of samples of endophytes, subjecting said endophytes to genetic analysis, subjecting said endophytes to metabolic analysis and selecting endophytes having a desired genetic and metabolic profile. The present invention also relates to novel endophytes having a desired toxin profile wherein the endophyte produces significantly less toxic alkaloids compared with a control endophyte such as standard toxic (ST) endophyte; and/or significantly more alkaloids conferring beneficial properties compared with a control endophyte such as ST endophyte. The present invention also relates to endophyte variants having a desired genetic and metabolic profile, wherein said endophyte variants possess genetic and/or metabolic characteristics that result in a beneficial phenotype in a plant harbouring or otherwise associated with the endophyte variant. Preferably said endophyte variants are generated by polyploidisation or induced chromosome doubling.
• METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR TREATMENT OF MIGRAINES AND OTHER INDICATIONS
  申请人：Strategic Science & Technologies, LLC

  公开号：US20140051717A1

  公开（公告）日：2014-02-20

  The present invention generally relates to the transdermal delivery of various compounds. In some aspects, transdermal delivery may be facilitated by the use of a hostile biophysical environment. One set of embodiments provides a composition for topical delivery comprising ergopeptines, triptans, and other compounds, including salts and derivatives of these, and optionally, a hostile biophysical environment and/or a nitric oxide donor. In some cases, the composition may be stabilized using a combination of a stabilization polymer (such as xanthan gum, KELTROL® BT and/or KELTROL® RD), propylene glycol, and a polysorbate surfactant such as Polysorbate 20, which combination unexpectedly provides temperature stability to the composition, e.g., at elevated temperatures such as at least 40° C. (at least about 104° F.), as compared to compositions lacking one or more of these.