Tyrosine-Based 1-(<i>S</i>)-[3-Hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine and -adenine ((<i>S</i>)-HPMPC and (<i>S</i>)-HPMPA) Prodrugs: Synthesis, Stability, Antiviral Activity, and in Vivo Transport Studies
作者:Valeria M. Zakharova、Michaela Serpi、Ivan S. Krylov、Larryn W. Peterson、Julie M. Breitenbach、Katherine Z. Borysko、John C. Drach、Mindy Collins、John M. Hilfinger、Boris A. Kashemirov、Charles E. McKenna
DOI:10.1021/jm2001426
日期:2011.8.25
Eight novel single amino acid (6-11) and dipeptide (12, 13) tyrosine P-O esters of cyclic cidofovir ((S)-cHPMPC, 4) and its cyclic adenine analogue ((S)-cHPMPA, 3) were synthesized and evaluated as prodrugs. In vitro IC50 values for the prodrugs (<0.1-50 mu M) vs vaccinia, cowpox, human cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex type 1 virus were compared to those for the parent drugs ((S)-HPMPC, 2; (S)HPMPA, 1; IC50 0.3-35 mu M); there was no cytoxicity with KB or HFF cells at <= 100 mu M. The prodrugs exhibited a wide range of half-lives in rat intestinal homogenate at pH 6.5 (<30-1732 min) with differences of 3-10x between phostonate diastereomers. The tyrosine allcylamide derivatives of 3 and 4 were the most stable. (L)-Tyr-NH-i-Bu cHPMPA (11) was converted in rat or mouse plasma solely to two active metabolites and had significantly enhanced oral bioavailability vs parent drug 1 in a mouse model (39% vs <5%).