代谢
戊巴比妥在体内被广泛代谢,主要在肝脏进行,导致只有0.3%的给药剂量以原形在尿液中排泄。环硫解作用会产生一个活性代谢物,[戊巴比妥],其浓度大约是母体浓度的3-10%。戊巴比妥和戊巴比妥也分别被氧化和羟基化为羧酸和醇,所有这些代谢产物在药理学上都是惰性的。尽管关于戊巴比妥生物转化的许多具体细节尚未阐明,包括负责的酶,但戊巴比妥氧化为其羧酸可能是戊巴比妥解毒的主要驱动力,因为这一产物似乎占到通过肾脏排泄的药物的10-25%。
Thiopental is extensively metabolized, primarily in the liver, resulting in only 0.3% of an administered dose being excreted unchanged in the urine. Ring desulfuration leads to the generation of an active metabolite, [pentobarbital], that exists in concentrations approximately 3-10% that of the parent concentration. Thiopental and pentobarbital are also subject to both oxidation and hydroxylation to carboxylic acids and alcohols, respectively, all of which are pharmacologically inert. While many of the specifics regarding thiopental biotransformation have not been elucidated, including the enzymes responsible, the oxidation of thiopental to its carboxylic acid may be the major driver of thiopental detoxification as this product appears to account for 10-25% of renally excreted drug.
来源:DrugBank