Cyanide is rapidly alsorbed through oral, inhalation, and dermal routes and distributed throughout the body. Cyanide is mainly metabolized into thiocyanate by either rhodanese or 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase. Cyanide metabolites are excreted in the urine. (L96)
Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. Cyanide is also known produce some of its toxic effects by binding to catalase, glutathione peroxidase, methemoglobin, hydroxocobalamin, phosphatase, tyrosinase, ascorbic acid oxidase, xanthine oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Cyanide binds to the ferric ion of methemoglobin to form inactive cyanmethemoglobin. (L97)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
致癌物分类
对人类不具有致癌性（未被国际癌症研究机构IARC列名）。
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Exposure to high levels of cyanide for a short time harms the brain and heart and can even cause coma, seizures, apnea, cardiac arrest and death. Chronic inhalation of cyanide causes breathing difficulties, chest pain, vomiting, blood changes, headaches, and enlargement of the thyroid gland. Skin contact with cyanide salts can irritate and produce sores. (L96, L97)
Cyanide poisoning is identified by rapid, deep breathing and shortness of breath, general weakness, giddiness, headaches, vertigo, confusion, convulsions/seizures and eventually loss of consciousness. (L96, L97)
SILANE COUPLING COMPOUNDS AND MEDICAL AND/OR DENTAL CURABLE COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING THE SAME
申请人：KABUSHIKI KAISHA SHOFU
公开号：US20190300552A1
公开（公告）日：2019-10-03
The present invention relate to a novel silane coupling agent and a medical and/or dental curable composition comprising the same. It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel silane coupling agent that imparts high affinity to a radical polymerizable monomer, thereby imparting high mechanical strength, flexibility and durability when used for a medical and/or dental curable composition, and an inorganic filler surface-treated with the novel silane coupling agent and a novel medical and/or dental curable composition. A silane coupling agent including repeating units such as a urethane bond and polyethylene glycol (ether bond) at a specific position is used.
The present invention relates to photochromic indeno-fused ring pyran compounds represented by the following Formula (I-A):
The present invention also relates to photochromic dichroic compounds, such as represented by Formula (I-A), in which (i) Z
2
is a group N—R
13
in which R
13
is a group L, and (ii) optionally at least one R
1
independently for each n is selected from a group L, in which the group L independently in each case is a lengthening group that provides the photochromic compound with dichroic properties, in accordance with some embodiments. The present invention also relates to photochromic articles, such as photochromic ophthalmic articles, that include one or more photochromic compounds according to the present invention, such as represented by Formula (I-A).
Acid-Disintegratable Polymersomes of pH-Responsive Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers for Intracellular Drug Delivery
作者：Lei Wang、Guhuan Liu、Xiaorui Wang、Jinming Hu、Guoying Zhang、Shiyong Liu
DOI：10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01709
日期：2015.10.13
addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of a pH-responsive monomer (i.e., TTAMA) using a PEO-based macroRAFT agent. The resultant amphiphilic diblock copolymer then self-assembled into vesicles consisting of hydrophilic PEO coronas and pH-responsive hydrophobic bilayers, as confirmed by TEM and DLS measurements. The polymersomes containing cyclic benzylidene acetals in the hydrophobic
[EN] FUNCTIONALIZED QUATERNARY AMMONIUM HALIDES AND USE THEREOF<br/>[FR] HALOGÉNURES D'AMMONIUM QUATERNAIRE FONCTIONNALISÉS ET LEUR UTILISATION
申请人：AGENCY SCIENCE TECH & RES
公开号：WO2016148649A1
公开（公告）日：2016-09-22
Provision of hydroxyl group functionalized quaternary ammonium halides, photocurable or hydrolytically curable urethane based polymers thereof and their use as antifouling agents.
