Magnesium oxide appears as a white solid, often found as a powder. When fine particles of magnesium oxide are dispersed in air, whether directly or when generated by the burning or cutting of magnesium metal, the resulting magnesium oxide fume is an inhalation hazard.
颜色/状态:
White, very fine powder
气味:
Odorless
蒸汽压力:
0 mm Hg (approx) (NIOSH, 2016)
折光率:
Index of refraction: 1.7355 at 589 nm; 1.7283 at 750 nm
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation:No information is available on the clinical use of magnesium oxide during breastfeeding. However, other magnesium salts have been studied. A study on the use of magnesium hydroxide during breastfeeding found no adverse reactions in breastfed infants. Intravenous magnesium increases milk magnesium concentrations only slightly. Oral absorption of magnesium by the infant is poor, so maternal magnesium hydroxide is not expected to affect the breastfed infant's serum magnesium. Magnesium oxide supplementation during pregnancy might delay the onset of lactation, but it can be taken during breastfeeding and no special precautions are required.
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants:Fifty mothers who were in the first day postpartum received 15 mL of either mineral oil or an emulsion of mineral oil and magnesium hydroxide equivalent to 900 mg of magnesium hydroxide, although the exact number who received each product was not stated. Additional doses were given on subsequent days if needed. None of the breastfed infants were noted to have any markedly abnormal stools, but all of the infants also received supplemental feedings.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk:One mother who received intravenous magnesium sulfate for 3 days for pregnancy-induced hypertension had lactogenesis II delayed until day 10 postpartum. No other specific cause was found for the delay, although a complete work-up was not done. A subsequent controlled clinical trial found no evidence of delayed lactation in mothers who received intravenous magnesium sulfate therapy. Some, but not all, studies have found a trend toward increased time to the first feeding or decreased sucking in infants of mothers treated with intravenous magnesium sulfate during labor because of placental transfer of magnesium to the fetus.
A study in 40 pairs of matched healthy women with vaginally delivered singleton pregnancies, outcome endpoints were compared in those receiving continuous oral magnesium aspartate HCl supplementation mean dose of 459 mg daily (range 365 to 729 mg of magnesium daily) for at least 4 weeks before delivery versus non-supplemented controls. In the magnesium group, significantly fewer women could breastfeed their infants exclusively at discharge (63% vs 80%).
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation:A study on the use of magnesium hydroxide during breastfeeding found no adverse reactions in breastfed infants. Intravenous magnesium increases milk magnesium concentrations only slightly. Oral absorption of magnesium by the infant is poor, so maternal magnesium hydroxide is not expected to affect the breastfed infant's serum magnesium. Magnesium hydroxide supplementation during pregnancy might delay the onset of lactation, but it can be taken during breastfeeding and no special precautions are required.
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants:Fifty mothers who were in the first day postpartum received 15 mL of either mineral oil or an emulsion of mineral oil and magnesium hydroxide equivalent to 900 mg of magnesium hydroxide, although the exact number who received each product was not stated. Additional doses were given on subsequent days if needed. None of the breastfed infants were noted to have any markedly abnormal stools, but all of the infants also received supplemental feedings.[2]
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk:One mother who received intravenous magnesium sulfate for 3 days for pregnancy-induced hypertension had lactogenesis II delayed until day 10 postpartum. No other specific cause was found for the delay, although a complete work-up was not done.[3] A subsequent controlled clinical trial found no evidence of delayed lactation in mothers who received intravenous magnesium sulfate therapy.[4] Some, but not all, studies have found a trend toward increased time to the first feeding or decreased sucking in infants of mothers treated with intravenous magnesium sulfate during labor because of placental transfer of magnesium to the fetus.[4][5]
A study in 40 pairs of matched healthy women with vaginally delivered singleton pregnancies, outcome endpoints were compared in those receiving continuous oral magnesium aspartate HCl supplementation mean dose of 459 mg daily (range 365 to 729 mg of magnesium daily) for at least 4 weeks before delivery versus non-supplemented controls. In the magnesium group, significantly fewer women could breastfeed their infants exclusively at discharge (63% vs 80%).[6]
来源:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)
毒理性
暴露途径
吸入,皮肤和/或眼睛接触
inhalation, skin and/or eye contact
来源:The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
[EN] SULFUR/PHOSPHORUS-CONTAINING ARYL COMPOUND AND APPLICATION THEREOF [FR] COMPOSÉ D'ARYLE CONTENANT DU SOUFRE / DU PHOSPHORE ET SON APPLICATION [ZH] 含硫/磷的芳基类化合物及其应用
A New Model for Magnesium Chemistry in the Upper Atmosphere
作者:John M. C. Plane、Charlotte L. Whalley
DOI:10.1021/jp211526h
日期:2012.6.21
10–12; and k(MgO + CO → Mg + CO2) = (1.1 ± 0.3) × 10–11 cm3 molecule–1 s–1. Electronic structure calculations of the relevant potential energy surfaces combined with RRKM theory were performed to interpret the experimental results and also to explore the likely reaction pathways that convert MgCO3 and OMgO2 into long-lived reservoir species such as Mg(OH)2. Although no reaction was observed in the laboratory
本文描述了许多涉及中性含Mg物种的气相反应的动力学研究,这对于上部中层/下部热层区域的流星烧蚀镁的化学起重要作用。这项研究的动机是使用卫星出生的紫外-可见光谱对90公里左右的全球原子镁层进行的最近观测。在实验室中,Mg原子在快流管的上游部分产生热量,然后转化为分子种类MgO,MgO 2,OMgO 2和MgCO 3。通过添加适当的试剂。在更下游添加原子O,并通过激光诱导的荧光在流管的下游端检测到Mg。在300 K下确定以下速率系数:k(MgO + O→Mg + O 2)=(6.2±1.1)×10 –10 ; k(MgO 2 + O→MgO + O 2)=(8.4±2.8)×10 –11 ; k(MgCO 3 + O→MgO 2 + CO 2)≥4.9×10 –12;和k(MgO + CO→Mg + CO 2)=(1.1±0.3)×10 –11 cm 3分子–1 s –1。结合RRKM理论进行
The B1Σ+-a3Πi and D1Δ-a3Π1 intercombination systems of the MgO molecule
Abstract The MgOB1Σ+-a3Πi (0-0) and (0–1) and D1Δ-a3Π (0-0) and (1-1) intercombination bands have been observed, rotationally analyzed, and reduced to molecular constants by a nonstandard procedure which made extensive use of an elaborate but highly constrained effective Hamiltonian model. The MgO a3Π state is important because it is low lying (Te = 2620.6 cm−1), it correlates to Mg ( 1 S) + O ( 3
Laser-induced fluorescence and microwave-optical double-resonance study of the B1Σ+-X1Σ+ system of magnesium monoxide
作者:Yoshiro Azuma、Thomas R. Dyke、Gretchen K. Gerke、Timothy C. Steimle
DOI:10.1016/0022-2852(84)90291-1
日期:1984.11
Doppler-limited, laser-induced fluorescence spectra on the B 1 Σ + - X 1 Σ + ( v ′ = v ″ = 0 and 1) system of MgO have been obtained. The results of the optical analysis were merged with our microwave-opticaldouble-resonance measurements to produce the following set of spectroscopic parameters for the B and X states, where the units are in cm −1 , and the uncertainties represent 95% confidence limits: T ′
The present invention relates to imidazopyrazine compounds of general Formula (I): in which X, R
1
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2
, R
3a
, R
3b
, R
4a
, R
4b
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are as given in the description and in the claims, to methods of preparing said compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions and combinations comprising said compounds, to the use of said compounds for manufacturing a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prophylaxis of a disease, as well as to intermediate compounds useful in the preparation of said compounds.
The infrared spectrum of magnesium oxide: a diode laser study using the discharge-enhanced reaction between hot magnesium vapor and N2O
作者:Svatopluk Civiš、Hartmut G. Hedderich、Cornelis E. Blom
DOI:10.1016/0009-2614(91)90242-2
日期:1991.1
discharge-enhanced reaction between hot magnesium vapor and nitrous oxide. Fifteen rovibrational transitions of the fundamentalband and seven transitions of the first hotband of MgO(X 1Σ+) were detected with tunable diodelasers. The infrared transitions were combined with data from previous microwave and optical studies to yield precise spectroscopic constants for the X 1Σ+ and B 1Σ+ states of MgO.