申请人:UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION
公开号:EP0127003A1
公开(公告)日:1984-12-05
Alkene oxide can be made in a simple, closed process that uses electrolysis to make bromine and hydroxide from bromide and water. The alkene reacts with bromine and then water to form an alkene bromohydrin, which is dehydrobrominated by hydroxide, regenerating bromide, to give alkene oxide.
The main by-product in propylene oxide production is 1,2-dibromopropane, made by propylene reacting with bromine and then bromide. Since formation of 1,2-dibromopropane consumes propylene, electrical power, and bromide, which must be recovered, it is desirable to minimize its formation.
It has been discovered that adding carbonate and/or bicarbonate to the bromide electrolyte reduces the formation of 1,2-dibromopropane independently of any pH effect.
Carbonate/bicarbonate can be used to reduce formation of dibromo-compounds produced in epoxidation of other alkenes using the electrobromohydrin process.
Other carboxylic materials, which are functionally similar to bicarbonate, can also reduce formation of dibromo-compounds, as demonstrated using ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt to reduce formation of 1,2-dibromopropane in propylene oxide production.
氧化烯可以通过一种简单的封闭式工艺制造,该工艺使用电解法从溴化物和水制取溴和氢氧化物。烯烃与溴反应,然后与水反应,形成烯烃溴化氢,再与氢氧化物脱氢溴化,再生溴化物,生成环氧烯烃。
环氧丙烷生产过程中的主要副产品是 1,2-二溴丙烷,由丙烯与溴和溴化物反应生成。由于 1,2-二溴丙烷的生成需要消耗丙烯、电能和必须回收的溴化物,因此最好尽量减少其生成。
研究发现,在溴化物电解液中加入碳酸盐和/或碳酸氢盐可减少 1,2-二溴丙烷的形成,而不受 pH 值的影响。
碳酸盐/碳酸氢盐可用于减少使用电溴海因工艺环氧化其他烯烃时产生的二溴化合物的形成。
与碳酸氢盐功能相似的其他羧基材料也可以减少二溴化合物的生成,如使用乙二胺四乙酸二钠盐减少环氧丙烷生产中 1,2-二溴丙烷的生成。