三甲基铝 | 75-24-1

• 物质功能分类: 有机原料 - 有机金属类化合物 - 有机铝
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机金属化合物 - 有机过渡后金属化合物
• 中文名称: 三甲基铝
• 英文名称: trimethylaluminum
• 英文别名: trimethylaluminium；AlMe3；TMA；Me₃Al；trimethylalumane；tris(methyl)aluminum；triethylaluminum；trimethylalane；TMAl
• CAS: 75-24-1
• 化学式: C₃H₉Al
• 分子量: 72.086
• InChiKey: JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  15 °C
• 沸点：
  126 °C
• 密度：
  0.81 g/mL at 25 °C
• 闪点：
  40 °F
• 溶解度：
  溶于芳香烃、饱和脂肪烃和脂环烃。
• 暴露限值：
  ACGIH: TWA 50 ppm (Skin)OSHA: TWA 500 ppm(1800 mg/m3)NIOSH: IDLH 1100 ppm; TWA 50 ppm(180 mg/m3)
• 物理描述：
  Liquid
• 稳定性/保质期：
  与水分、空气、氧化物、酒精、卤烃、酸、碱、卤化物、氨水以及胺等物质发生分解反应。

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.37
• 重原子数：
  4
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  1.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

安全信息

• TSCA：
  Yes
• 危险等级：
  4.3
• 危险品标志：
  F,C,N
• 安全说明：
  S16,S24,S24/25,S25,S26,S33,S36/37/39,S43,S43A,S45,S60,S61,S62,S6A
• 危险类别码：
  R67,R14/15,R50/53,R11,R34,R65
• WGK Germany：
  3
• 海关编码：
  29319090
• 危险品运输编号：
  UN 3399 4.3/PG 1
• 危险类别：
  4.3
• RTECS号：
  BD2204000
• 包装等级：
  I
• 危险标志：
  GHS02,GHS05
• 危险性描述：
  H250,H260,H314
• 危险性防范说明：
  P210,P231 + P232,P280,P302 + P334,P303 + P361 + P353,P304 + P340 + P310,P305 + P351 + P338,P370 + P378,P422
• 储存条件：
  密封贮藏，存放在阴凉、干燥和通风的地方，避免静电。 应远离水源、热源以及卤烃、酒精和胺类物质。 尽量避免与空气和水分直接接触。

SDS

Name:	Trimethylaluminum 1 0M solution in heptane Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:	None Known
CAS:	75-24-1

Section 1 - Chemical Product MSDS Name:Trimethylaluminum 1 0M solution in heptane Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:None Known

---

Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

CAS#	Chemical Name	content	EINECS#
75-24-1	Trimethylaluminium	10%	200-853-0

Hazard Symbols: F C N
Risk Phrases: 11 14/15 34 50/53 65 67

---

Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Highly flammable. Reacts violently with water liberating extremely flammable gases. Causes burns. Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed. Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness.Dangerous for the environment.Water-reactive.Highly flammable.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
Causes eye burns.
Skin:
Causes skin burns. Prolonged and/or repeated contact may cause defatting of the skin and dermatitis.
Ingestion:
Causes gastrointestinal tract burns. Aspiration of material into the lungs may cause chemical pneumonitis, which may be fatal.
Inhalation:
Inhalation of high concentrations may cause central nervous system effects characterized by nausea, headache, dizziness, unconsciousness and coma. Causes chemical burns to the respiratory tract.
Chronic:
Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis.

---

Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.
Skin:
Get medical aid. Get medical aid immediately. Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. If water-reactive products are embedded in the skin, no water should be applied. The embedded products should be covered with a light oil.
Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting. Get medical aid immediately. Potential for aspiration if swallowed. Get medical aid immediately. Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Inhalation:
Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Do NOT use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.
Notes to Physician:
Treat symptomatically and supportively.

---

Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
General Information:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Water Reactive. Material will react with water and may release a flammable and/or toxic gas. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Flammable liquid and vapor. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished. Vapors are heavier than air and may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Vapors can spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas. This liquid floats on water and may travel to a source of ignition and spread fire.
Extinguishing Media:
Use approved class D extinguishing agents or smother with dry sand, clay, or sodium bicarbonate. Contact professional fire-fighters immediately. DO NOT USE WATER, CO2, OR FOAM DIRECTLY ON FIRE ITSELF.

---

Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth), then place in suitable container. Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Provide ventilation. Do not expose spill to water. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

---

Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE
Handling:
Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Do not breathe dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing.
Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Do not allow contact with water. Use only in a chemical fume hood. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames. Keep away from heat, sparks and flame.
Storage:
Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a cool, dry place.
Store in a tightly closed container. Flammables-area. Corrosives area. Water free area. Store under nitrogen.

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Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
Engineering Controls:
Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low. Use adequate general or local explosion-proof ventilation to keep airborne levels to acceptable levels.
Exposure Limits CAS# 75-24-1: United Kingdom, WEL - TWA: (listed as aluminum, soluble salts): 2 mg/m3 TWA United Kingdom, WEL - STEL: (listed as aluminum, soluble salts): mg/m3 STEL Belgium - TWA: (listed as aluminum, soluble salts): 2 mg/m3 VLE ( Al) France - VME: (listed as aluminum, soluble salts): 2 mg/m3 VME Germany: (listed as aluminum, soluble salts): 2 mg/m3 VME Malaysia: (listed as aluminum, soluble salts): 2 mg/m3 TWA (as Al Spain: (listed as aluminum, soluble salts): 2 mg/m3 VLA-ED (as Al CAS# 142-82-5: United Kingdom, WEL - TWA: 500 ppm TWA United Kingdom, WEL - STEL: 1500 ppm STEL United States OSHA: 500 ppm TWA; 2000 mg/m3 TWA Belgium - TWA: 400 ppm VLE; 1664 mg/m3 VLE Belgium - STEL: 500 ppm VLE; 2085 mg/m3 VLE France - VME: 400 ppm VME; 1600 mg/m3 VME Germany: 500 ppm TWA; 2100 mg/m3 TWA Japan: 200 ppm OEL; 820 mg/m3 OEL Malaysia: 400 ppm TWA; 1640 mg/m3 TWA Netherlands: 400 ppm STEL; 1600 mg/m3 STEL Netherlands: 300 ppm MAC; 1200 mg/m3 MAC Spain: 500 ppm VLA-ED; 2085 mg/m3 VLA-ED Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear chemical splash goggles.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators:
Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced.

---

Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Physical State: Liquid
Color: clear, colorless
Odor: Not available.
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: 20kPa @80 deg C
Viscosity: 0.90 mPa s @30 deg C
Boiling Point: 126 deg C
Freezing/Melting Point: 15 deg C
Autoignition Temperature: Not available.
Flash Point: Not available.
Explosion Limits, lower: Not available.
Explosion Limits, upper: Not available.
Decomposition Temperature: >180 deg C
Solubility in water: reacts
Specific Gravity/Density: 0.688
Molecular Formula: C3H9Al
Molecular Weight: 72.09

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Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Chemical Stability:
Combines vigorously or explosively with water. Air sensitive. May violently decompose at temperatures above 190C.
Conditions to Avoid:
Ignition sources, exposure to air, excess heat, exposure to moist air or water, confined spaces.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Strong oxidizing agents, water, acids, alcohols, oxygen, organic halides.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, aluminum fumes.
Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported.

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Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
RTECS#:
CAS# 75-24-1: BD2204000 CAS# 142-82-5: MI7700000 LD50/LC50:
Not available.
CAS# 142-82-5: Inhalation, rat: LC50 = 103 gm/m3/4H.
Carcinogenicity:
Trimethylaluminium - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.
Heptane (n-) - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.
Other:
See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.

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Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Ecotoxicity:
Fish: Goldfish: LC50 = 4.0 mg/L; 24 Hr.; UnspecifiedFish: Mosquito Fish: LC50 = 4900 mg/L; 24 Hr.; UnspecifiedFish: LC50 = 4900 mg/L; 24 Hr.; Unspecified

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Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations.

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Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION

IATA
Shipping Name: ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND DISPERSION, WATER-REACTIVE
, FLAMMABLE, N.O.S.*
Hazard Class: 4.3 (3)
UN Number: 3207
Packing Group: I
IMO
Shipping Name: ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND DISPERSION, WATER-REACTIVE
, FLAMMABLE, N.O.S.
Hazard Class: 4.3 (3)
UN Number: 3207
Packing Group: I
RID/ADR
Shipping Name: ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND DISPERSION, WATER-REACTIVE
, FLAMMABLE, N.O.S.
Hazard Class: 4.3 (3)
UN Number: 3207
Packing group: I

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Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION

European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: F C N
Risk Phrases:
R 11 Highly flammable.
R 14/15 Reacts violently with water liberating
extremely flammable gases.
R 34 Causes burns.
R 50/53 Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause
long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
R 65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.
R 67 Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness.
Safety Phrases:
S 9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place.
S 16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No
smoking.
S 29 Do not empty into drains.
S 33 Take precautionary measures against static
discharges.
S 60 This material and its container must be
disposed of as hazardous waste.
S 61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to
special instructions/safety data sheets.
S 62 If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek
medical advice immediately and show this container or
label.
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 75-24-1: No information available.
CAS# 142-82-5: 1
Canada
CAS# 75-24-1 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 142-82-5 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 75-24-1 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
CAS# 142-82-5 is listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 75-24-1 is listed on the TSCA inventory.
CAS# 142-82-5 is listed on the TSCA inventory.

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SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

制备方法与用途

理化性质

在常温常压下，三甲基铝为无色透明液体。它具有极强的反应性，在空气中自燃，瞬间即可着火。与含有活性氢的酒精类、酸类物质激烈反应，并且能迅速猛烈地与水反应，即使在冷水中也能产生爆炸性的分解反应，生成甲烷。有时还会引发自燃现象。当温度升至300℃时，它会缓慢分解并释放出甲烷。三甲基铝还能与砷化氢（AsH₃）、磷化氢（PH₃）、醚类、叔胺及其他路易士碱形成稳定的络合物，并且能与己烷、庚烷等脂肪烃及甲苯、二甲苯等芳香族烃以任意比例混溶。当用烃系溶剂稀释到25%以下时，其自燃性会消失。

概述

三甲基铝简称TMA，1865年由Buckton首次通过甲基汞和铝反应制备。直到20世纪50年代，TMA的应用范围仍然局限于实验室，并且在有机镁和有机锂的研究与应用上远不如后者活跃。近年来，随着聚烯烃研究的进展，TMA作为传统催化剂的辅助催化剂之一及合成茂金属催化剂体系中助催化剂甲基铝氧烷（MAO）、改性甲基铝氧烷（MMAO）的起始原料，在有机化工，尤其是高分子化工中的重要性才逐渐显现。

主要用途

三甲基铝在有机催化化学、有机合成和高分子化学工业等方面具有重要的应用价值。与适当形式的水反应可以形成高活性的三甲基铝氧烷（MAO），而MAO是茂金属催化剂体系中最重要的助催化剂之一，主要用于形成配位催化剂，例如与钛、锆、铪的卤化物形成的催化体系可使烯烃进行立体定向聚合、共聚或齐聚；与镍、钴等过渡金属化合物组成的催化剂则可用于使烯烃进行低聚、歧化或异构化。此外，三甲基铝自身也可用于催化反应。

三甲基铝还可与乙烯进行齐聚反应生成高碳烷基铝，后者经过氧化和水解后会形成直链高级伯醇及高级α-烯烃。有机铝因其价廉且反应活性高而常被用来制备其他金属有机化合物，如用TMA与氯化锡反应可制得甲基锡。同时，三甲基铝还可作为立体选择性高的反应试剂，并用于合成维生素、激素等药物的温和还原剂。近年来，通过金属有机物的化学蒸汽沉积法还可以应用于形成金属薄膜。

制备 铝还原法

• 可以直接使用铝还原甲基汞来制得TMA。
  • 化学反应式：[ \text{Al} + 3\text{CH}_3\text{HgCl} \rightarrow (\text{CH}_3)_3\text{Al} + 3\text{HgCl}_2 ]
• 另一种方法是使用金属铝与卤甲烷反应生成三卤代三甲基二铝，然后经金属钠反应制得。

其他合成途径

1. 使用锌、乙基溴化物和乙基碘在铜盐及催化剂存在下进行反应后加热转化成二乙基锌，再通过蒸馏分离纯化。
2. 铝粉与碘甲烷反应生成碘化甲基铝，在干燥的癸烷液中与钾钠合金反应得到三甲基铝粗品。随后将此粗品与癸烷混合物进行减压或常压蒸馏以获取高纯产品。

类别

自燃物品

毒性分级

中毒

急性毒性

• 吸入：大鼠 LC50 10,000 mg/m³/15分钟

可燃性危险特性

遇空气、氯气或高温会自燃，产生有毒铝化物气体。

储运特性

应存放在通风干燥的库房内，并用氮气包装。与氧化剂分开存放。

灭火剂

干砂、干粉、石粉

职业标准

TWA 2 毫克/立方米 (AL) /立方米

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  三甲基铝 在 环己烷 、 mercury dichloride 作用下， 生成 氯化甲基汞
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Method for preparing hydrocarbometallic halides

  摘要：

  公开号：

  US02473434A1
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  甲基汞 在 氢化铝 作用下， 生成 三甲基铝
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Buckton; Odling, Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 1865, vol. Suppl.4, p. 112

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  3-(but-3-en-1-yl)-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one 在 bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel (0) 、 三甲基铝 、 C₄₂H₃₉N₂OP 作用下， 以 1,4-二氧六环 为溶剂， 以90 %的产率得到
  参考文献：
  名称：

  一类手性二级膦氧化合物及基于其的手性喹唑啉酮/嘧啶酮并环衍生物和应用

  摘要：

  本发明属于有机合成及化学催化技术领域，公开了一类手性大位阻二级膦氧化合物及其制备方法和在催化反应中的应用。本发明的手性大位阻二级膦氧化合物以五元环N‑P‑N杂环为主配体骨架，可通过调整原料中的取代基团获得一系列新型大位阻配体，可修饰空间大；可应用于不对称双金属催化反应中作为配体或前配体，高效催化喹唑啉酮杂环化合物C‑H环化加成反应中，得到高达95％收率、99％ee的目标产物，反应副产物少，分离简单。本发明还提供一类基于上述化合物催化反应得到的手性喹唑啉酮/嘧啶酮并环衍生物及其消旋体，该衍生物及其消旋体均具有优异的逆转肝损伤细胞活性的作用，可用于制备预防或治疗肝损伤的药物或其先导化合物中。#imgabs0#

  公开号：

  CN117466942A

文献信息

• [EN] DIHYDROPYRROLONAPHTYRIDINONE COMPOUNDS AS INHIBITORS OF JAK<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS DE DIHYDROPYRROLONAPHTYRIDINONE COMME INHIBITEURS DE JAK
  申请人：TAKEDA PHARMACEUTICAL

  公开号：WO2010144486A1

  公开（公告）日：2010-12-16

  Disclosed are JAK inhibitors of formula (I) where G1, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are defined in the specification. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture which contain the compounds, methods and materials for making the compounds, and methods of using the compounds to treat diseases, disorders, and conditions involving the immune system and inflammation, including rheumatoid arthritis, hematological malignancies, epithelial cancers (i.e., carcinomas), and other diseases, disorders or conditions associated with JAK.

  揭示了式(I)的JAK抑制剂，其中G1、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6和R7在规范中定义。还披露了含有这些化合物的药物组合物、试剂盒和制造物品，制备这些化合物的方法和材料，以及使用这些化合物治疗涉及免疫系统和炎症的疾病、紊乱和症状的方法，包括类风湿关节炎、血液恶性肿瘤、上皮癌（即癌症）和其他与JAK相关的疾病、紊乱或症状。
• Chiral 2-(2-hydroxyaryl)alcohols (HAROLs) with a 1,4-diol scaffold as a new family of ligands and organocatalysts
  作者：Ömer Dilek、Mustafa A. Tezeren、Tahir Tilki、Erkan Ertürk

  DOI：10.1016/j.tet.2017.11.054

  日期：2018.1

  Efficient and modular syntheses of chiral 2-(2-hydroxyaryl)alcohols (HAROLs), novel 1,4-diols carrying one phenolic and one alcohol hydroxyl group, have been developed which led to generation of a small library of structurally diverse HAROLs in enantiomerically pure form. Of the different HAROLs examined, a HAROL based on the indan backbone exhibited the highest activity and enantioselectivity in the

  高效和模块化的手性2-（2-羟基芳基）醇（HAROLs）的合成，带有一个酚和一个醇羟基的新型1,4-二醇已被开发出来，这导致在对映异构体中生成结构多样的HAROLS小文库纯形式。在考察的不同HAROL中，基于茚满骨架的HAROL在Ti（O i Pr）4（y高达97％， 88％ee）并在三田膦的促进下在Morita-Baylis-Hillman反应中作为氢键供体有机催化剂发挥作用。
• [EN] AZETIDIN-3-YLMETHANOL DERIVATIVES AS CCR6 RECEPTOR MODULATORS<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS D'AZÉTIDIN-3-YLMÉTHANOL EN TANT QUE MODULATEURS DU RÉCEPTEUR CCR6
  申请人：IDORSIA PHARMACEUTICALS LTD

  公开号：WO2021219849A1

  公开（公告）日：2021-11-04

  The present invention relates to compounds of Formula (I), their synthesis and use as CCR6 receptor modulators for the treatment or prevention of various diseases, conditions or disorders.

  本发明涉及式(I)化合物，其合成以及作为CCR6受体调节剂用于治疗或预防各种疾病、状况或障碍。
• ANDROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATING CARBOXAMIDES
  申请人：Törmakängas Olli

  公开号：US20140094474A1

  公开（公告）日：2014-04-03

  Compounds of formula (I) or (II) wherein R x , R z , R 9 , R 10 , R 14 , R 14 ′, R 15 , R 15 ′, A and B are as defined in the claims and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof, are disclosed. The compounds possess utility as tissue-selective androgen receptor modulators (SARM) and are useful as medicaments in the treatment of prostate cancer and other AR dependent conditions and diseases where AR antagonism is desired.

  式(I)或(II)的化合物 其中R x ，R z ，R 9 ，R 10 ，R 14 ，R 14 ′，R 15 ，R 15 ′，A和B如权利要求中所定义，并且其药学上可接受的盐和酯已被披露。这些化合物具有作为组织选择性雄激素受体调节剂（SARM）的效用，并且在治疗前列腺癌和其他依赖于AR的疾病和病症中，需要AR拮抗作用时可用作药物。
• Novel 11-hydroxy-9-keto-5,6-cis-13,14-cis-prostadienoic acid derivatives
  申请人：American Cyanamid Company

  公开号：US04123456A1

  公开（公告）日：1978-10-31

  This disclosure describes certain 11-hydroxy and 11-deoxy-9-keto(or hydroxy)-prostanoic acid derivatives useful as bronchodilators, hypotensive agents, anti-ulcer agents, or as intermediates.

  这份披露描述了某些11-羟基和11-去氧-9-酮（或羟基）-前列腺酸衍生物，可用作支气管扩张剂、降压剂、抗溃疡剂或中间体。

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