AbstractStaphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is able to hide within host cells to escape immune clearance and antibiotic action, causing life‐threatening infections. To boost the therapeutic efficacy of antibiotics, new intracellular delivery approaches are urgently needed. Herein, by rational design of an adamantane (Ada)‐containing antibiotic‐peptide precursor Ada‐Gly‐Tyr‐Val‐Ala‐Asp‐Cys(StBu)‐Lys(Ciprofloxacin)‐CBT (Cip‐CBT‐Ada), we propose a strategy of tandem guest‐host‐receptor recognitions to precisely guide ciprofloxacin to eliminate intracellular S. aureus. Via guest‐host recognition, Cip‐CBT‐Ada is decorated with a β‐cyclodextrin‐heptamannoside (CD‐M) derivative to yield Cip‐CBT‐Ada/CD‐M, which is able to target mannose receptor‐overexpressing macrophages via multivalent ligand‐receptor recognition. After uptake, Cip‐CBT‐Ada/CD‐M undergoes caspase‐1 (an overexpressed enzyme during S. aureus infection)‐initiated CBT‐Cys click reaction to self‐assemble into ciprofloxacin nanoparticle Nano‐Cip. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that, compared with ciprofloxacin or Cip‐CBT‐Ada, Cip‐CBT‐Ada/CD‐M shows superior intracellular bacteria elimination and inflammation alleviation efficiency in S. aureus‐infected RAW264.7 cells and mouse infection models, respectively. This work provides a supramolecular platform of tandem guest‐host‐receptor recognitions to precisely guide antibiotics to eliminate intracellular S. aureus infection efficiently.
摘要金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)能够隐藏在宿主细胞内,逃避免疫清除和抗生素作用,造成危及生命的感染。为了提高抗生素的疗效,迫切需要新的细胞内给药方法。在此,我们通过合理设计含金刚烷(Ada)的抗生素肽前体Ada-Gly-Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-Cys(StBu)-Lys(Ciprofloxacin)-CBT(Cip-CBT-Ada),提出了一种串联客体-宿主-受体识别策略,以精确引导环丙沙星清除细胞内的金黄色葡萄球菌。通过客体-宿主识别,Cip-CBT-Ada 被β-环糊精-七甘露糖苷(CD-M)衍生物装饰,生成 Cip-CBT-Ada/CD-M,它能通过多价配体-受体识别作用于表达甘露糖受体的巨噬细胞。Cip-CBT-Ada/CD-M 被吸收后,会经过由 CBT-Cys 触发的 caspase-1(一种在金黄色葡萄球菌感染过程中过度表达的酶)点击反应,自组装成环丙沙星纳米粒子 Nano-Cip。体外和体内实验证明,与环丙沙星或 Cip-CBT-Ada 相比,Cip-CBT-Ada/CD-M 在金黄色葡萄球菌感染的 RAW264.7 细胞和小鼠感染模型中分别显示出更高的细胞内细菌消除和炎症缓解效率。这项工作提供了一个串联客体-宿主-受体识别的超分子平台,可精确引导抗生素有效消除金黄色葡萄球菌的胞内感染。