依托咪酯 | 33125-97-2

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 唑类
• 中文名称: 依托咪酯
• 中文别名: (R)-1-(1-苯基乙基)-1H-咪唑-5-甲酸乙酯；R-(+)-1-(1-苯乙基)-1-氢-咪唑-5-甲酸乙酯；乙苄咪唑；(R)-(+)-1-(1-苯乙基)-1-氢-咪唑-5-甲酸乙酯；甲苄咪酯；乙咪酯；嘧羟酯
• 英文名称: etomidate
• 英文别名: R-(+)-etomidate；(R)-ethyl 1-(1-phenylethyl)-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate；Amidate；ethyl 3-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]imidazole-4-carboxylate
• CAS: 33125-97-2
• 化学式: C₁₄H₁₆N₂O₂
• 分子量: 244.293
• InChiKey: NPUKDXXFDDZOKR-LLVKDONJSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3
• 重原子数：
  18
• 可旋转键数：
  5
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.29
• 拓扑面积：
  44.1
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  3

ADMET

代谢

肝脏。通过酯水解迅速代谢为无活性代谢物。

Hepatic. Metabolized rapidly by ester hydrolysis to inactive metabolites.

来源:DrugBank

毒理性

• 药物性肝损伤

药物：依托咪酯

Compound:etomidate

来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset

毒理性

• 药物性肝损伤

DILI 注释：无 DILI（药物性肝损伤）担忧

DILI Annotation:No-DILI-Concern

来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset

毒理性

• 药物性肝损伤

标签部分：无匹配

Label Section:No match

来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset

毒理性

• 药物性肝损伤

参考文献：M Chen, V Vijay, Q Shi, Z Liu, H Fang, W Tong. 美国食品药品监督管理局批准的药物标签用于研究药物诱导的肝损伤，《药物发现今日》，16(15-16):697-703, 2011. PMID:21624500 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2011.05.007 M Chen, A Suzuki, S Thakkar, K Yu, C Hu, W Tong. DILIrank：按人类发展药物诱导肝损伤风险排名的最大参考药物清单。《药物发现今日》2016, 21(4): 648-653. PMID:26948801 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015

References:M Chen, V Vijay, Q Shi, Z Liu, H Fang, W Tong. FDA-Approved Drug Labeling for the Study of Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Drug Discovery Today, 16(15-16):697-703, 2011. PMID:21624500 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2011.05.007 M Chen, A Suzuki, S Thakkar, K Yu, C Hu, W Tong. DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans. Drug Discov Today 2016, 21(4): 648-653. PMID:26948801 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015

来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset

毒理性

• 在妊娠和哺乳期间的影响

◉ 母乳喂养期间使用总结：乳中依托咪酯的量非常小，并且迅速减少。现有数据表明，在依托咪酯麻醉后恢复哺乳前不需要等待期。只要母亲从全身麻醉中恢复到足以哺乳的程度，就可以恢复哺乳。当手术中使用多种麻醉剂组合时，请遵循手术期间使用的最具问题的药物的建议。监测婴儿是否出现镇静、进食不良和体重增长不良的情况。 ◉ 对哺乳婴儿的影响：截至修订日期，未找到相关的已发布信息。 ◉ 对泌乳和母乳的影响：截至修订日期，未找到相关的已发布信息。

◉ Summary of Use during Lactation:Amounts of etomidate in milk are very small and decrease rapidly. Existing data indicate that no waiting period is required before resuming breastfeeding after etomidate anesthesia. Breastfeeding can be resumed as soon as the mother has recovered sufficiently from general anesthesia to nurse. When a combination of anesthetic agents is used for a procedure, follow the recommendations for the most problematic medication used during the procedure. Monitor the infant for sedation, poor feeding and poor weight gain. ◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants:Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date. ◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk:Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.

来源:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)

吸收、分配和排泄

• 消除途径

大约75%的给药剂量在注射后的第一天通过尿液排出。

Approximately 75% of the administered dose is excreted in the urine during the first day after injection.

来源:DrugBank

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  依托咪酯 在 甲醇 、 草酰氯 、 lithium hydroxide 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 二氯甲烷 、 水 为溶剂， 反应 1.0h， 生成 (R)-1-(1-phenylethyl)-1H-imidazole-5-carbonyl chloride
  参考文献：
  名称：

  SUBSTITUTED IMIDAZOLECARBOXYLATE DERIVATIVES AND THE USE THEREOF

  摘要：

  化合物在式（I）中显示。该化合物的衍生物包括立体异构体、药用可接受的盐、溶剂合物、前药、代谢物、氘代衍生物。该化合物是一种结构新颖的取代咪唑甲酸酯衍生物。取代咪唑甲酸酯衍生物用于制备具有镇静、催眠和/或麻醉作用的药物，以及可以控制癫痫状态的药物。该化合物对中枢神经系统具有良好的抑制作用，并为临床筛选和/或制备具有镇静、催眠和/或麻醉作用以及控制癫痫状态的药物提供了新选择。

  公开号：

  US20200369621A1
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  R(+)-alpha-甲基苄胺 在 盐酸 、 4,4'-联吡啶 、 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl 、 potassium hydrogen persulfate 、 双氧水 、 三氟甲烷磺酸亚铜(I)苯联合体 (2:1) 、 溶剂黄146 作用下， 以 二氯甲烷 、 乙腈 为溶剂， 反应 15.0h， 生成 依托咪酯
  参考文献：
  名称：

  一种依托咪酯的合成方法

  摘要：

  本发明涉及一种依托咪酯的合成方法，起始原料(R)‑(1‑(1‑苯乙基)‑1H‑5咪唑基)甲醇经过氧化得到(R)‑(1‑(1‑苯乙基)‑1H‑5咪唑基)甲醛；然后乙醇溶剂中，(R)‑(1‑(1‑苯乙基)‑1H‑5咪唑基)甲醛通过氧化剂过氧硫酸氢钾oxone复合盐氧化得到依托咪酯，通过重结晶，纯化成干净的依托咪酯晶体。本发明将现有技术中的一步氧化，转变为两步氧化，在氧化过程中，其条件温和，氧化剂用量少，且转化率高，可适用量产化生产。

  公开号：

  CN117362237A

文献信息

• [EN] COMPOUNDS AND THEIR USE AS BACE INHIBITORS<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS ET LEUR UTILISATION EN TANT QU'INHIBITEURS DE BACE
  申请人：ASTRAZENECA AB

  公开号：WO2016055858A1

  公开（公告）日：2016-04-14

  The present application relates to compounds of formula (I), (la), or (lb) and their pharmaceutical compositions/preparations. This application further relates to methods of treating or preventing Αβ-related pathologies such as Down's syndrome, β- amyloid angiopathy such as but not limited to cerebral amyloid angiopathy or hereditary cerebral hemorrhage, disorders associated with cognitive impairment such as but not limited to MCI ("mild cognitive impairment"), Alzheimer's disease, memory loss, attention deficit symptoms associated with Alzheimer's disease, neurodegeneration associated with diseases such as Alzheimer's disease or dementia, including dementia of mixed vascular and degenerative origin, pre-senile dementia, senile dementia and dementia associated with Parkinson's disease.

  本申请涉及式(I)、(Ia)或(Ib)的化合物及其药物组合物/制剂。本申请进一步涉及治疗或预防与Αβ相关的病理学，如唐氏综合症，β-淀粉样蛋白血管病，如但不限于脑淀粉样蛋白血管病或遗传性脑出血，与认知损害相关的疾病，如但不限于MCI（“轻度认知损害”），阿尔茨海默病，记忆丧失，与阿尔茨海默病相关的注意力缺陷症状，与疾病如阿尔茨海默病或痴呆症相关的神经退行性疾病，包括混合性血管性和退行性起源的痴呆，早老性痴呆，老年性痴呆和与帕金森病相关的痴呆的方法。
• [EN] METHYL OXAZOLE OREXIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS<br/>[FR] MÉTHYLOXAZOLES ANTAGONISTES DU RÉCEPTEUR DE L'OREXINE
  申请人：MERCK SHARP & DOHME

  公开号：WO2016089721A1

  公开（公告）日：2016-06-09

  The present invention is directed to methyl oxazole compounds which are antagonists of orexin receptors. The present invention is also directed to uses of the compounds described herein in the potential treatment or prevention of neurological and psychiatric disorders and diseases in which orexin receptors are involved. The present invention is also directed to compositions comprising these compounds. The present invention is also directed to uses of these compositions in the potential prevention or treatment of such diseases in which orexin receptors are involved.

  本发明涉及甲基噁唑化合物，其为促进睡眠的受体拮抗剂。本发明还涉及所述化合物在潜在治疗或预防涉及促进睡眠的神经和精神疾病和疾病中的用途。本发明还涉及包含这些化合物的组合物。本发明还涉及这些组合物在潜在预防或治疗涉及促进睡眠的疾病中的用途。
• HETEROBICYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  申请人：Amgen Inc.

  公开号：US20130225552A1

  公开（公告）日：2013-08-29

  Heterobicyclic compounds of Formula (I): or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt, tautomer, or stereoisomer thereof, as defined in the specification, and compositions containing them, and processes for preparing such compounds. Provided herein also are methods of treating disorders or diseases treatable by inhibition of PDE10, such as obesity, non-insulin dependent diabetes, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, Huntington's Disease, and the like.

  Formula (I)的杂环化合物： 或其药用可接受的盐、互变异构体或立体异构体，如规范中所定义，并含有它们的组合物，以及制备这种化合物的方法。本文还提供了通过抑制PDE10来治疗由此可治疗的疾病或疾病的方法，如肥胖症、非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病、精神分裂症、躁郁症、强迫症、亨廷顿病等。
• [EN] NAPHTHALENE CARBOXAMIDE M1 RECEPTOR POSITIVE ALLOSTERIC MODULATORS<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS DE NAPHTHALÈNE CARBOXAMIDE, MODULATEURS ALLOSTÉRIQUES POSITIFS DU RÉCEPTEUR M1
  申请人：MERCK SHARP & DOHME

  公开号：WO2011149801A1

  公开（公告）日：2011-12-01

  The present invention is directed to naphthalene carboxamide compounds of formula (I) which are M1 receptor positive allosteric modulators and that are useful in the treatment of diseases in which the M1 receptor is involved, such as Alzheimers disease, schizophrenia, pain or sleep disorders. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and to the use of the compounds and compositions in the treatment of diseases mediated by the M1 receptor.

  本发明涉及式(I)的萘甲酰胺化合物，它们是M1受体阳性变构调节剂，可用于治疗M1受体参与的疾病，如阿尔茨海默病、精神分裂症、疼痛或睡眠障碍。该发明还涉及包含这些化合物的药物组合物，以及在治疗由M1受体介导的疾病中使用这些化合物和组合物。
• [EN] ISOTOPE ENHANCED AMBROXOL FOR LONG LASTING AUTOPHAGY INDUCTION<br/>[FR] AMBROXOL À ISOTOPE AMÉLIORÉ POUR INDUCTION D'AUTOPHAGIE DURABLE
  申请人：STC UNM

  公开号：WO2018148113A1

  公开（公告）日：2018-08-16

  The present invention is directed to 13C and/or 2H isotope enhanced ambroxol ("isotope enhanced ambroxol") and its use in the treatment of autophagy infections, especially mycobacterial and other infections, disease states and/or conditions of the lung, such as tuberculosis, especially including drug resistant and multiple drag resistant tuberculosis. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising isotope enhanced amhroxol, alone or in combination with an additional bioactive agent, especially rifamycin antibiotics, including an additional autophagy modulator (an agent which is active to promote or inhibit autophagy), thus being useful against, an autophagy mediated disease state and/or condition), especially an antophagy mediated disease state and/or condition which occurs in the lungs, for example, a Mycobacterium infection. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, Sjogren's disease and lung cancer (small cell and non-small cell lung cancer, among other disease states and/or conditions, especially of the lung. Methods of treating autophagy disease states and/or conditions, especially including autophagy disease states or conditions which occur principally in the lungs of a patient represent a further embodiment of the present invention. An additional embodiment includes methods of synthesizing compounds according to the present invention as otherwise disclosed herein.

  本发明涉及13C和/或2H同位素增强的氨溴索（“同位素增强的氨溴索”）及其在治疗自噬感染，特别是结核分枝杆菌和其他感染、疾病状态和/或肺部疾病条件中的用途，如肺结核，特别是包括耐药和多重耐药结核病。包括同位素增强的氨溴索的药物组合物，单独或与额外的生物活性剂（特别是利福霉素类抗生素，包括额外的自噬调节剂（一种能够促进或抑制自噬的剂），因此对抗自噬介导的疾病状态和/或条件有用），特别是在肺部发生的自噬介导的疾病状态和/或条件，例如分枝杆菌感染。慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）、哮喘、肺纤维化、囊性纤维化、干燥综合征和肺癌（小细胞和非小细胞肺癌等其他肺部疾病状态和/或条件，特别是肺部疾病状态和/或条件。治疗自噬疾病状态和/或条件的方法，特别包括治疗主要发生在患者肺部的自噬疾病状态或条件的方法，代表本发明的另一实施例。另一实施例包括根据本发明在此披露的其他方法合成化合物的方法。