In the presence of amine-HF complexes, iodotoluene difluoride reacted with unsaturated alcohols and carboxylic acids to give cyclic fluoroethers and fluorolactones, respectively. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
gamma -Butyrolactone was fluorinated by molecular fluorine to obtain its mono-fluorinated derivatives for possible lithium battery electrolyte application. The reaction was carried out at 30 degreesC by introducing 20% F-2/N-2 gas into gamma -butyrolactone without solvent. Major products were beta -fluoro-gamma -butyrolactone and gamma -fluoro-gamma -butyrolactone, which cannot be obtained by conventional organic synthesis. Selectivity to gamma -isomer was enhanced by the addition of NaF as a HF scavenger. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.