here for the first time are the developments of an efficient method for oxidativecleavage of carbon−carbon double bonds yielding carbonyl compounds by using aryl-λ3-iodanes, which involve a combination of iodosylbenzene and HBF4 in the presence of water. The method serves as a safety alternative to ozonolysis. The oxidativecleavage of olefins probably involves the hitherto unknown direct vicinal dihydroxylations
Electronictuning: Nitroxylradical 1 is shown to be an efficient catalyst for the oxidation of secondary alcohols, and promotes oxidation through an oxoammonium species which is highly reactive because of the adjacent electron‐withdrawing ester groups. Chemoselectiveoxidation of benzylic alcohols in the presence of aliphatic alcohols is observed and is proposed to proceed by a rate‐determining hydride
A compound is represented by Structural Formula (I):
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A pharmaceutical composition comprises a compound represented by Structural Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A method of treating a subject in need thereof comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by Structural Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The subject has type 2 diabetes; renal hypertrophy or hyperplasia associated with diabetic nephropathy; Tay-Sachs; Gaucher's; or Fabry's disease. Methods of decreasing plasma TNF-α, lowering blood glucose levels, decreasing glycated hemoglobin levels, inhibiting glucosylceramide synthase, and lowering glycosphingolipid concentrations in a subject in need thereof respectively comprise administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by Structural Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.