安果(安硫磷) | 2540-82-1

• 物质功能分类: 生物化工 - 多肽
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 羧酸及其衍生物
• 中文名称: 安果(安硫磷)
• 中文别名: 安果；安硫磷；安硫磷标准品；玫瑰头香；S-[2-(甲酰甲胺基)-2-氧代乙基]-O,O-二甲基二硫代磷酸酯；福尔莫硫磷
• 英文名称: Formothion
• 英文别名: 2-dimethoxyphosphinothioylsulfanyl-N-formyl-N-methylacetamide
• CAS: 2540-82-1
• 化学式: C₆H₁₂NO₄PS₂
• 分子量: 257.3
• InChiKey: AIKKULXCBHRFOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  25.5℃
• 沸点：
  317.8±52.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.361 g/cm3 (20 ºC)
• 闪点：
  25 °C
• 物理描述：
  Formothion appears as viscous yellow oil or a crystalline mass. Used as an insecticide and acaricide on crops and ornamentals. Not presently produced commercially in the U.S. (EPA, 1998)
• 颜色/状态：
  Yellowish liquid
• 气味：
  Odorless
• 溶解度：
  In water, 2.6X10+3 mg/L at 24 °C
• 蒸汽压力：
  8.48X10-7 mm Hg at 30 °C
• 稳定性/保质期：
  在常温常压下保持稳定，避免与氧化物接触。
• 分解：
  When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of /nitrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur oxides/.
• 腐蚀性：
  Non-corrosive in general, tinplate is an exception
• 折光率：
  INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.5541 AT 20 °C/D
• 保留指数：
  1803.7;1839.9;1762;1810.5;1795;1805;1805.4;1810.3

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.5
• 重原子数：
  14
• 可旋转键数：
  5
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.67
• 拓扑面积：
  113
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  6

ADMET

代谢

代谢物包括敌敌畏、双(二甲基硫代磷酰基)二硫醚和二甲基硫代磷酰基乙酸...

Metabolites include dimethoate, bis(dimethylthiophosphoryl)disulfide and dimethyldithiophosphorylacetic acid...

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

水解攻击导致豆科植物上的福美双迅速降解为敌百虫和O,O-二甲基二硫代磷酰基醋酸。进一步的分解产物包括甲氧虫、O,O-二甲基二硫代磷酰酸和双(O,O-二甲基硫代磷酰基)二硫化物。

Hydrolytic attack causes rapid degradation of formothion on bean plants to dimethoate and o,o-dimethyl dithiophosphorylacetic acid. Further breakdown products are methoxon, o,o-dimethyldithiophosphoric acid, and bis(o,o-dimethylthiophosphoryl) disulfide.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

在37°C和pH 7.4的条件下，将(14)C标记的福美双与大鼠肝脏三个亚细胞组分一起孵化，30分钟内所有福美双都发生了变化。变性的非酶对照组给出了相同的结果，表明形成地亚硫磷和地亚硫磷一酸的过程不依赖于酶促氧化或还原反应。唯一确定的代谢物是地亚硫磷和地亚硫磷一酸。没有发现地亚硫磷。在37°C下，用不同pH的(14)C-福美双孵化，形成地亚硫磷和地亚硫磷一酸。在酸性pH下，形成速率比碱性pH下慢得多。

Incubation of (14)C-labeled formothion with three subcellular rat liver fractions at 37 °C and pH 7.4 resulted in alteration of all of the formothion within 30 min. The denatured non-enzymatic control gave identical results, indicating that the mechanism for the formation of dimethoate and dimethoate monoacid was not dependent on enzymatic oxidation or reduction reactions. The only metabolites identified were dimethoate and dimethoate monoacid. No dimethoxon was found. Incubation of (14)C-formothion at various pH's at 37 °C resulted in formation of dimethoate and dimethoate monoacid. At an acid pH the rate of formation was much slower than at an alkali pH.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

植物中的Formothion代谢已显示会导致磷酸二甲酯和Formothion酸（O,O-二甲基磷酰乙酸）的形成。在动物中也观察到了Formothion向磷酸二甲酯的相同转化。

Formothion metabolism in plants has been shown to result in formation of dimethoate and formothion acid (o,o-dimethyl phosphoryl acetic acid). The same transformation of formothion to dimethoate has been observed in animals.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 副作用

其他毒物 - 有机磷酸酯

Other Poison - Organophosphate

来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases

毒理性

• 毒性数据

LC50 (大鼠) = 4,500 毫克/立方米/4小时

LC50 (rat) = 4,500 mg/m3/4h

来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases

毒理性

• 相互作用

Formothion与其他6种有机磷一起研究，以了解其在大鼠体内与其他OP（有机磷）的相互作用。当与敌百虫（dimethoate）结合时，毒性略有增加。

Formothion was studied, along with 6 other organophosphates, for its interaction with other OP's in rats. There was a slight increase of toxicity when it was combined with dimethoate.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

一些吩噻嗪类药物可能拮抗，而另一些可能增强有机磷杀虫剂的毒性抗胆碱酯酶效果。有机磷酸酯胆碱酯酶抑制剂。

Some phenothiazines may antagonize & some may potentiate the toxic anticholinesterase effects of ... /organophosphorus insecticides/. /Organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitors/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

在长期治疗中，肾上腺皮质激素对抗抗胆碱酯酶的抗青光眼作用（增加眼压）。... 抗胆碱药对抗抗胆碱酯酶对自主神经和中枢神经系统的缩瞳（抗青光眼）和其他毒蕈碱样作用。三环类抗抑郁药（抗胆碱能效应）对抗抗胆碱酯酶在青光眼中的抗青光眼（缩瞳）作用。... 具有抗胆碱能效应的抗组胺药对抗抗胆碱酯酶的缩瞳（抗青光眼）和CNS作用。抗胆碱酯酶增强抗组胺药引起的镇静和行为改变。抗胆碱酯酶药物对自主效应细胞的作用，在一定程度上对中枢神经系统的作用，被阿托品这种首选解毒剂所拮抗。巴比妥类药物的作用被抗胆碱酯酶增强。... 二泛醇增强抗胆碱酯酶的效果。氟磷酸盐杀虫剂增强其他抗胆碱酯酶的效果。 /抗胆碱酯酶/

In long term therapy, adrenocorticoids antagonize the antiglaucoma effects of anticholinesterases (incr ocular pressure). ... Anticholinergics antagonize the miotic (antiglaucoma) & other muscarinic effects of anticholinesterases on the autonomic & central nervous systems. Tricyclic antidepressants (anticholinergic effects) antagonize the antiglaucoma (miotic) effects of anticholinesterases in glaucoma. ... Antihistamines with anticholinergic effects antagonize the miotic (antiglaucoma) & CNS effects of anticholinesterases. Anticholinesterases potentiate tranquilizing & behavioral changes induced by antihistamines. The actions of anticholinesterase agents on autonomic effector cells, & to some extent those on CNS, are antagonized by atropine, an antidote of choice. Barbiturates are potentiated by anticholinesterases. ... Dexpanthenol potentiates the effects of anticholinesterases. Fluorophosphate insecticides potentiate the effects of other anticholinesterases. /Anticholinesterases/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

单次口服剂量为10毫克/千克体重的甲拌磷，在氨基甲酸基团上标记有碳-14，通过胃管给予雄性大鼠。放射自显影显示该化合物很容易从胃中被吸收。给药后30分钟内，在肝脏和肾脏中发现了高水平的放射性，尽管大部分活性仍然在胃中。给药6小时后，胃区的活性降低；此时主要活性在肾脏，肝脏、肠道、胰腺和胸腺的活性较少。给药后24小时，仅在胸腺中发现明显的放射性。尿液是主要的排泄途径；尿液中含有98-99%的放射性，而粪便中只有1-2%。给药后4小时，已有51%的放射性通过尿液排出，24小时后达到96%。胆汁中存在相当数量的放射性，这表明化合物及其代谢物也在胆汁中排泄。然而，由于在粪便中遇到的放射性很少，几乎所有的这些化合物都必须在小肠中被重新吸收。

Single oral doses of 10 mg/kg body-weight of formothion, labelled with carbon-14 in the carbamoyl group, were administered by stomach tube to male rats. Autoradiographs indicated that the compound was readily absorbed from the stomach. Within 30 minutes after giving the dose, a high level of radioactivity was found in the liver and kidney, although the major activity was still in the stomach. Six hours after administration the activity in the stomach area was low; the main activity then being in the kidneys, with less activity in the liver, intestines, pancreas and thymus. After 24 hours from the time of administration of the dose, distinct radioactivity was found only in the thymus. The urine was the major source of excretion; it contained 98-99% of the radioactivity compared to the feces which had only 1-2%. A total of 51% of the administered radioactivity had been excreted in the urine after 4 hr and 96% after 24 hr. The presence of considerable radioactivity in the bile indicated that there was also excretion of the compound and its metabolites in the bile. However, because so little radioactivity was encountered in the feces nearly all of these compounds must be re-absorbed in the intestine.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

大多数有机磷化合物可以通过皮肤、结膜、胃肠系统和肺部被吸收。/有机磷化合物/

Most organophosphate compounds are ... absorbed from skin, conjunctiva, gastrointestinal tract, & lung. /Organophosphate compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

有机磷农药的皮肤吸收率可能会受到所使用溶剂的影响。

The rate of dermal absorption /of organophosphorus pesticides/ may be ... influenced by the solvent used. /Organophosphorus pesticides/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

许多有机磷杀虫剂会通过牛奶排出体外... /有机磷杀虫剂/

Many of the organophosphorus insecticides are excreted in the milk ... /Organophosphorus insecticides/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

• 危险等级：
  6.1(b)
• 危险品标志：
  Xn
• 安全说明：
  S26,S36,S36/37
• 危险类别码：
  R21/22
• WGK Germany：
  3
• 危险品运输编号：
  3018
• 包装等级：
  III
• 危险类别：
  6.1(b)

制备方法与用途

类别：农药

• 毒性分级：高毒

• 急性毒性：

  • 口服（大鼠）LD₅₀：250毫克/公斤
  • 口服（小鼠）LD₅₀：83.3毫克/公斤

• 可燃性危险特性：受热分解，产生有毒的氧化磷、氧化硫和氧化氮气体

• 储运特性：

  • 库房应通风、低温干燥
  • 与食品原料分开储存和运输

• 灭火剂：砂土、干粉、泡沫

• 职业标准：STEL 0.5毫克/立方米

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  乐果 、 马拉松 、 茂硫磷 、 安果(安硫磷) 生成 稻丰散
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Oxadiazinones and pesticidal use

  摘要：

  本发明涉及一种新型的取代的1,3,5-噁二唑烷-2-酮，其化学式为##STR1## 其中R1和R4分别独立地为C1-C8烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C3-C4烯基、C3-C4炔基、苯基或苄基；R2和R3分别独立地为氢、C1-C4烷基，或R2和R3与它们所连接的碳原子一起为C3-C6环烷基；n为0、1或2。本发明还涉及制备这些化合物以及含有它们的组合物，用于害虫控制，特别是用于控制攻击植物和动物的昆虫和螨类。特别地，这些新型化合物对破坏植物的吸吮和摄食性昆虫非常有效。

  公开号：

  US04742056A1

文献信息

• [EN] MICROBIOCIDAL OXADIAZOLE DERIVATIVES<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS D'OXADIAZOLE MICROBIOCIDES
  申请人：SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG

  公开号：WO2017157962A1

  公开（公告）日：2017-09-21

  Compounds of the formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, useful as a pesticides, especially fungicides.

  式(I)的化合物，其中取代基如权利要求1所定义，作为杀虫剂特别是杀菌剂有用。
• Thieno-pyrimidine compounds having fungicidal activity
  申请人：Brewster Kirkland William

  公开号：US20070093498A1

  公开（公告）日：2007-04-26

  The present invention relates to thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine compounds having fungicidal activity.

  本发明涉及具有杀真菌活性的噻吩[2,3-d]-嘧啶化合物。
• [EN] INSECTICIDAL TRIAZINONE DERIVATIVES<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS DE TRIAZINONE INSECTICIDES
  申请人：SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG

  公开号：WO2013079350A1

  公开（公告）日：2013-06-06

  Compounds of the formula (I) or (I'), wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, are useful as pesticides.

  式(I)或(I')的化合物，其中取代基如权利要求1所定义的那样，可用作杀虫剂。
• THIENYLPYRIDYLCARBOXAMIDES
  申请人：Dunkel Ralf

  公开号：US20110105564A1

  公开（公告）日：2011-05-05

  Novel thienylpyridylcarboxamides of the formula (I) The present application is also directed to a plurality of processes for preparing these compounds and their use for controlling unwanted microorganisms, and also novel intermediates and their preparation.

  新型噻吩基吡啶基羧酰胺的化学式（I） 本申请还涉及多种制备这些化合物的方法，以及它们用于控制不受欢迎的微生物的用途，还有新颖的中间体及其制备。
• TETRAZOLINONE COMPOUND AND USE OF SAME
  申请人：SUMITOMO CHEMICAL COMPANY, LIMITED

  公开号：US20160081339A1

  公开（公告）日：2016-03-24

  A tetrazolinone compound of formula (1): wherein R 1 and R 2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, etc.; R 3 represents a C1-C6 alkyl group, etc.; R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, etc.; A represents a C6-C16 aryl group optionally having one or more atoms or groups selected from Group P, etc.; Q represents the following group Q1, etc.; and X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, has excellent control activity against pests.

  一种化学式（1）所示的四唑酮化合物： 其中R1和R2分别独立表示氢原子，等等； R3表示C1-C6烷基，等等；R4、R5和R6分别独立表示氢原子，等等；A表示一个C6-C16芳基，可选地具有来自P族等组的一个或多个原子或基团；Q表示以下Q1组等；以及 X表示氧原子或硫原子，对害虫具有出色的控制活性。

表征谱图