(2-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)乙腈 | 59022-79-6

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 唑类
• 中文名称: (2-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)乙腈
• 英文名称: 4(5)-(cyanomethyl)-2-methylimidazole
• 英文别名: 2-Methyl-4-cyanomethylimidazole；2-(2-Methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)acetonitrile
• CAS: 59022-79-6
• 化学式: C₆H₇N₃
• mdl: MFCD09924023
• 分子量: 121.142
• InChiKey: ACMGYAIDSNGFQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.2
• 重原子数：
  9
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.333
• 拓扑面积：
  52.5
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  2

安全信息

• 海关编码：
  2933290090

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  (2-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)乙腈 在 盐酸 、 磷酸 、 溶剂黄146 、 三氯化磷 作用下， 以 氯苯 为溶剂， 反应 3.0h， 生成 [1-Hydroxy-2-(2-methyl-3H-imidazol-4-yl)-1-phosphono-ethyl]-phosphonic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Highly Potent Geminal Bisphosphonates. From Pamidronate Disodium (Aredia) to Zoledronic Acid (Zometa)

  摘要：

  Bisphosphonates (BP) are pyrophosphate analogues in which the oxygen in P-O-P has been replaced by a carbon, resulting in a metabolically stable P-C-P structure. Pamidronate (1b, Novartis), a second-generation BP, was the starting point for extensive SAR studies. Small changes of the structure of pamidronate lead to marked improvements of the inhibition of osteoclastic resorption potency. Alendronate (1c, MSD), with an extra methylene group in the N-alkyl chain, and olpadronate (1h, Gador), the N,N-dimethyl analogue, are about 10 times more potent than pamidronate. Extending one of the N-methyl groups of olpadronate to a pentyl substituent leads to ibandronate (1k, Roche, Boehringer-Mannheim), which is the most potent close analogue of pamidronate. Even slightly better antiresorptive potency is achieved with derivatives having a phenyl group linked via a short aliphatic tether of three to four atoms to nitrogen, the second substituent being preferentially a methyl group (e.g., 4g, 4j, 5d, or 5r). The most potent BPs are found in the series containing a heteroaromatic moiety (with at least one nitrogen atom), which is linked via a single methylene group to the geminal bisphosphonate unit. Zoledronic acid (6i), the most potent derivative, has an ED50 of 0.07 mg/kg in the TPTX in vivo assay after sc administration. It not only shows by far the highest therapeutic ratio when comparing resorption inhibition with undesired inhibition of bone mineralization but also exhibits superior renal tolerability. Zoledronic acid (6i) has thus been selected for clinical development under the registered trade name Zometa. The results of the clinical trials indicate that low doses are both efficacious and safe for the treatment of tumor-induced hypercalcemia, Paget's disease of bone, osteolytic metastases, and postmenopausal osteoporosis.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm020819i
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2-甲基咪唑-4-甲醛 在 sodium tetrahydroborate 、 氯化亚砜 作用下， 以 乙醇 、 二甲基亚砜 为溶剂， 反应 31.0h， 生成 (2-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)乙腈
  参考文献：
  名称：

  5-Substituted Imidazole-4-acetic Acid Analogues:  Synthesis, Modeling, and Pharmacological Characterization of a Series of Novel γ-Aminobutyric Acid_C Receptor Agonists

  摘要：

  A series of ring-substituted analogues of imidazole-4-acetic acid (IAA, 4), a partial agonist at both GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors (GABA = gamma-aminobutyric acid), have been synthesized. The synthesized compounds 8a-1 have been evaluated as ligands for the alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2S) GABA(A) receptors and the rho(1) GABA(C) receptors using the FLIPR membrane potential (FMP) assay and by electrophysiology techniques. None of the tested compounds displayed activity at the GABA(A) receptors at concentrations up to 1000 mu M. However, the 5-Me, 5-Ph, 5-p-Me-Ph, and 5-p-F-Ph IAA analogues, 8a,c,f,g, displayed full agonist activities at the rho(1) receptors in the FMP assay (EC50 in the range 22-420 mu M). Ligand-protein docking identified the Thr129 in the alpha(1) subunit and the corresponding Ser168 residue in rho(1) as determinants of the selectivity displayed by the 5-substituted IAA analogues. The fact that GABA, 4, and 8a displayed decreased agonist potencies at a rho(1)Ser168Thr mutant compared to the WT rho(1) receptor strongly supported this hypothesis. However, in contrast to GABA and 4, which exhibited increased agonist potencies at a alpha(1)(Thr129Ser)beta(2)gamma(2) mutant compared to WT GABA(A) receptor, the data obtained for 8a at the WT and mutant receptors were nonconclusive.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm070447j

文献信息

• Imidazole-containing inhibitors of farnesyl protein transferase
  申请人：BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB COMPANY

  公开号：EP0675112A1

  公开（公告）日：1995-10-04

  Inhibition of farnesyl transferase, which is an enzyme involved in ras oncogene expression, is effected by compounds of the formula their enantiomers, diastereomers, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, and solvates, wherein:    G is    G¹ is    G² is or -NR¹⁰-CH(Q¹)-;    J, K and L are each, independently, N, NR⁹, O, S or CR¹⁰ with the provisos that only one of the groups J, K and L can be O or S, and at least one of the groups J or L must be N, NR⁹, O or S to form a fused five-membered heteroring; the bond between J and K or K and L may also form one side of a phenyl ring fused to the fused five-membered heteroring;    Q is aryl;    Q¹, A¹ and A² are each, independently, H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl;    G³ is R¹¹, -C(O)OR¹¹, -C(O)NR¹¹R¹², 5-tetrazolyl, -C(O)N(R¹³)OR¹¹, -C(O)NHSO₂R¹⁴ or -CH₂OR¹¹;    G⁴ is attached at the 1, 2, 4 or 5 position and optionally substituted, at any of the available position or positions on the ring, with halo, alkyl or substituted alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkoxy, aryl, aralkyl, hydroxy, alkanoyl, alkanoyloxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkanoylamino, thiol, alkylthio, alkylthiono, alkylsulfonyl, sulfonamido, nitro, cyano, carboxy, carbamyl, N-hydroxycarbamyl, N-alkylcarbamyl, N-dialkylcarbamyl, alkoxycarbonyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, or a combinaton of these groups;    Y and Z are each, independently, -CH₂- or -C(O)-;    R¹ - R¹⁴ are each, independently, H or alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms;    R⁷, R⁸ and R¹⁴ may also be aryl or aralkyl, and R³, R⁹, R¹¹, R¹² and R¹³ may also be aralkyl;    m, n and p are each, independently, 0 or an integer from 1 to 2;    q is 0 or an integer from 1 to 4; and    the dotted line represents an optional double bond.

  抑制法尼醇转移酶是一种参与ras癌基因表达的酶，其受化合物的影响，其化合物包括其对映异构体、非对映异构体和药用可接受的盐、前药和溶剂化合物，其中： G为G¹为G²为或-NR¹⁰-CH(Q¹)-；J、K和L分别独立地为N、NR⁹、O、S或CR¹⁰，但有以下规定：J、K和L中只有一个可以是O或S，且J或L中至少有一个必须是N、NR⁹、O或S以形成融合的五元杂环；J和K之间的键或K和L之间的键也可以形成与融合的五元杂环融合的苯环的一侧；Q为芳基；Q¹、A¹和A²分别独立地为H、烷基、取代烷基、苯基或取代苯基；G³为R¹¹、-C(O)OR¹¹、-C(O)NR¹¹R¹²、5-四唑基、-C(O)N(R¹³)OR¹¹、-C(O)NHSO₂R¹⁴或-CH₂OR¹¹；G⁴附着在1、2、4或5位，并可选择地取代在环上的任何可用位置或位置，取代基为卤素、烷基或取代烷基（碳原子数为1至20）、烷氧基、芳基、芳基烷基、羟基、烷酰基、烷酰氧基、氨基、烷基氨基、二烷基氨基、烷酰氨基、硫醇基、烷基硫基、烷基硫酰基、磺酰胺基、硝基、氰基、羧基、氨基甲酰基、N-羟基氨基甲酰基、N-烷基氨基甲酰基、N-二烷基氨基甲酰基、烷氧基羰基、苯基、取代苯基或上述基团的组合；Y和Z分别独立为-CH₂-或-C(O)-；R¹-R¹⁴分别独立为H或烷基（碳原子数为1至20）；R⁷、R⁸和R¹⁴也可以是芳基或芳基烷基，R³、R⁹、R¹¹、R¹²和R¹³也可以是芳基烷基；m、n和p分别独立地为0或1至2的整数；q为0或1至4的整数；虚线表示可选的双键。
• Highly Potent Geminal Bisphosphonates. From Pamidronate Disodium (Aredia) to Zoledronic Acid (Zometa)
  作者：Leo Widler、Knut A. Jaeggi、Markus Glatt、Klaus Müller、Rolf Bachmann、Michael Bisping、Anne-Ruth Born、Reto Cortesi、Gabriela Guiglia、Heidi Jeker、Rémy Klein、Ueli Ramseier、Johann Schmid、Gerard Schreiber、Yves Seltenmeyer、Jonathan R. Green

  DOI：10.1021/jm020819i

  日期：2002.8.1

  Bisphosphonates (BP) are pyrophosphate analogues in which the oxygen in P-O-P has been replaced by a carbon, resulting in a metabolically stable P-C-P structure. Pamidronate (1b, Novartis), a second-generation BP, was the starting point for extensive SAR studies. Small changes of the structure of pamidronate lead to marked improvements of the inhibition of osteoclastic resorption potency. Alendronate (1c, MSD), with an extra methylene group in the N-alkyl chain, and olpadronate (1h, Gador), the N,N-dimethyl analogue, are about 10 times more potent than pamidronate. Extending one of the N-methyl groups of olpadronate to a pentyl substituent leads to ibandronate (1k, Roche, Boehringer-Mannheim), which is the most potent close analogue of pamidronate. Even slightly better antiresorptive potency is achieved with derivatives having a phenyl group linked via a short aliphatic tether of three to four atoms to nitrogen, the second substituent being preferentially a methyl group (e.g., 4g, 4j, 5d, or 5r). The most potent BPs are found in the series containing a heteroaromatic moiety (with at least one nitrogen atom), which is linked via a single methylene group to the geminal bisphosphonate unit. Zoledronic acid (6i), the most potent derivative, has an ED50 of 0.07 mg/kg in the TPTX in vivo assay after sc administration. It not only shows by far the highest therapeutic ratio when comparing resorption inhibition with undesired inhibition of bone mineralization but also exhibits superior renal tolerability. Zoledronic acid (6i) has thus been selected for clinical development under the registered trade name Zometa. The results of the clinical trials indicate that low doses are both efficacious and safe for the treatment of tumor-induced hypercalcemia, Paget's disease of bone, osteolytic metastases, and postmenopausal osteoporosis.
• 5-Substituted Imidazole-4-acetic Acid Analogues:  Synthesis, Modeling, and Pharmacological Characterization of a Series of Novel γ-Aminobutyric Acid_C Receptor Agonists
  作者：Christian Madsen、Anders A. Jensen、Tommy Liljefors、Uffe Kristiansen、Birgitte Nielsen、Camilla P. Hansen、Mogens Larsen、Bjarke Ebert、Benny Bang-Andersen、Povl Krogsgaard-Larsen、Bente Frølund

  DOI：10.1021/jm070447j

  日期：2007.8.1

  A series of ring-substituted analogues of imidazole-4-acetic acid (IAA, 4), a partial agonist at both GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors (GABA = gamma-aminobutyric acid), have been synthesized. The synthesized compounds 8a-1 have been evaluated as ligands for the alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2S) GABA(A) receptors and the rho(1) GABA(C) receptors using the FLIPR membrane potential (FMP) assay and by electrophysiology techniques. None of the tested compounds displayed activity at the GABA(A) receptors at concentrations up to 1000 mu M. However, the 5-Me, 5-Ph, 5-p-Me-Ph, and 5-p-F-Ph IAA analogues, 8a,c,f,g, displayed full agonist activities at the rho(1) receptors in the FMP assay (EC50 in the range 22-420 mu M). Ligand-protein docking identified the Thr129 in the alpha(1) subunit and the corresponding Ser168 residue in rho(1) as determinants of the selectivity displayed by the 5-substituted IAA analogues. The fact that GABA, 4, and 8a displayed decreased agonist potencies at a rho(1)Ser168Thr mutant compared to the WT rho(1) receptor strongly supported this hypothesis. However, in contrast to GABA and 4, which exhibited increased agonist potencies at a alpha(1)(Thr129Ser)beta(2)gamma(2) mutant compared to WT GABA(A) receptor, the data obtained for 8a at the WT and mutant receptors were nonconclusive.