AbstractSynthesis of partial glycerides in a solvent‐free system has been investigated with various acyl donors and glycerol as substrates and a 1,3‐specific immobilized lipase to catalyze the reaction. Capric acid was the most efficient acyl donor, compared with ethyl caprate and tricaprin. However, to obtain a high yield of dicaprin and a low amount of tricaprin, ethyl caprate was the acyl donor of choice. The composition of the product mixture was determined by the ratio of ethyl caprate to glycerol; a molar ratio of 3∶1 was optimum for dicaprin synthesis. The water content in glycerol did not influence the final yield of dicaprin, but initial production of capric acid increased with increasing water content. The reaction was found to be controlled entirely by external mass transfer. The yield of diglyceride could be increased from 70 to 90% by lowering the reaction temperature, so that the diglyceride precipitated during the reaction.
摘要 研究了在无溶剂体系中以各种酰基供体和甘油为底物,用 1,3 特异性固定化脂肪酶催化反应,合成部分甘油酯的情况。与癸酸乙酯和三氯化苦相比,癸酸是最有效的酰基供体。不过,为了获得高产率的二卡普林和低含量的三卡普林,癸酸乙酯是首选的酰基供体。产品混合物的成分由癸酸乙酯与甘油的比例决定;摩尔比为 3∶1 是合成二癸酸甘油酯的最佳比例。甘油中的含水量并不影响二氢癸菊酯的最终产量,但癸酸的初始产量随着含水量的增加而增加。研究发现,反应完全受外部传质控制。通过降低反应温度,使二甘油酯在反应过程中析出,可将二甘油酯的产量从 70% 提高到 90%。