Characterization of forced degradation products of ketorolac tromethamine using LC/ESI/Q/TOF/MS/MS and<i>in silico</i>toxicity prediction
作者:Pradipbhai D. Kalariya、B. Raju、Roshan M. Borkar、Deepak Namdev、S. Gananadhamu、Prajwal P. Nandekar、Abhay T. Sangamwar、R. Srinivas
DOI:10.1002/jms.3351
日期:2014.5
Ketorolac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was subjected to forced degradation studies as per International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. A simple, rapid, precise, and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI/Q/TOF/MS/MS) method has been developed for the identification and structural characterization of stressed degradation products of ketorolac. The drug was found to degrade in hydrolytic (acidic, basic, and neutral), photolytic (acidic, basic, and neutral solution), and thermal conditions, whereas the solid form of the drug was found to be stable under photolytic conditions. The method has shown adequate separation of ketorolac tromethamine and its degradation products on a Grace Smart C-18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 µm) column using 20 mM ammonium formate (pH = 3.2): acetonitrile as a mobile phase in gradient elution mode at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. A total of nine degradation products were identified and characterized by LC/ESI/MS/MS. The most probable mechanisms for the formation of degradation products have been proposed on the basis of a comparison of the fragmentation of the [M + H]+ ions of ketorolac and its degradation products. In silico toxicity of the drug and degradation products was investigated by using topkat and derek softwares. The method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness as per International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
酮咯酸是一种非甾体类消炎药,根据国际协调会议的指导方针,对其进行了强制降解研究。研究人员开发了一种简单、快速、精确的高效液相色谱结合电喷雾四极杆飞行时间串联质谱(LC/ESI/Q/TOF/MS/MS)方法,用于识别酮咯酸的受压降解产物并确定其结构特征。结果表明,该药物在水解(酸性、碱性和中性)、光解(酸性、碱性和中性溶液)和热条件下都会降解,而固体形式的药物在光解条件下是稳定的。该方法采用 Grace Smart C-18(250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d.,5 µm)色谱柱,以 20 mM 甲酸铵(pH = 3.2):乙腈为流动相,流速为 1.0 ml/min,梯度洗脱,可充分分离酮咯酸氨丁三醇及其降解产物。LC/ESI/MS/MS 共鉴定出九种降解产物,并对其进行了表征。根据对酮咯酸及其降解产物的[M + H]+ 离子碎片的比较,提出了降解产物最可能的形成机制。使用 topkat 和 derek 软件研究了药物和降解产物的硅学毒性。该方法在特异性、线性、准确性、精密度和稳健性方面均符合国际协调会议准则的要求。Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. All Rights Reserved.