(S)-3-cyclopentyl-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)propanoyl chloride | 1215198-07-4

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 唑类
• 英文名称: (S)-3-cyclopentyl-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)propanoyl chloride
• 英文别名: (2S)-3-cyclopentyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)imidazol-1-yl]propanoyl chloride
• CAS: 1215198-07-4
• 化学式: C₁₂H₁₄ClF₃N₂O
• 分子量: 294.704
• InChiKey: GVAWGIUPUZGLLT-VIFPVBQESA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  370.4±42.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.43±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  4.2
• 重原子数：
  19
• 可旋转键数：
  4
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.67
• 拓扑面积：
  34.9
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  5

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  (S)-3-cyclopentyl-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)propanoyl chloride 在 吡啶 、 三甲基溴硅烷 作用下， 以 二氯甲烷 为溶剂， 反应 24.0h， 生成 (S)-6-(3-cyclopentyl-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)propanamido)pyridin-3-ylphosphonic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Discovery of (S)-6-(3-Cyclopentyl-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)propanamido)nicotinic Acid as a Hepatoselective Glucokinase Activator Clinical Candidate for Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

  摘要：

  Glucokinase is a key regulator of glucose homeostasis, and small molecule allosteric activators of this enzyme represent a promising opportunity for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Systemically acting glucokinase activators (liver and pancreas) have been reported to be efficacious but in many cases present hypoglycaemia risk due to activation of the enzyme at low glucose levels in the pancreas, leading to inappropriately excessive insulin secretion. It was therefore postulated that a liver selective activator may offer effective glycemic control with reduced hypoglycemia risk. Herein, we report structure-activity studies on a carboxylic acid containing series of glucokinase activators with preferential activity in hepatocytes versus pancreatic beta-cells. These activators were designed to have low passive permeability thereby minimizing distribution into extrahepatic tissues; concurrently, they were also optimized as substrates for active liver uptake via members of the organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) family. These studies lead to the identification of 19 as a potent glucokinase activator with a greater than 50-fold liver-to-pancreas ratio of tissue distribution in rodent and non-rodent species. In preclinical diabetic animals, 19 was found to robustly lower fasting and postprandial glucose with no hypoglycemia, leading to its selection as a clinical development candidate for treating type 2 diabetes.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm2014887
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  (R)-methyl 3-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxypropanoate 在 2,6-二甲基吡啶 、 盐酸 、 草酰氯 、 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 、 lithium hexamethyldisilazane 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 二氯甲烷 、 水 为溶剂， 反应 21.08h， 生成 (S)-3-cyclopentyl-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)propanoyl chloride
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Discovery of (S)-6-(3-Cyclopentyl-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)propanamido)nicotinic Acid as a Hepatoselective Glucokinase Activator Clinical Candidate for Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

  摘要：

  Glucokinase is a key regulator of glucose homeostasis, and small molecule allosteric activators of this enzyme represent a promising opportunity for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Systemically acting glucokinase activators (liver and pancreas) have been reported to be efficacious but in many cases present hypoglycaemia risk due to activation of the enzyme at low glucose levels in the pancreas, leading to inappropriately excessive insulin secretion. It was therefore postulated that a liver selective activator may offer effective glycemic control with reduced hypoglycemia risk. Herein, we report structure-activity studies on a carboxylic acid containing series of glucokinase activators with preferential activity in hepatocytes versus pancreatic beta-cells. These activators were designed to have low passive permeability thereby minimizing distribution into extrahepatic tissues; concurrently, they were also optimized as substrates for active liver uptake via members of the organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) family. These studies lead to the identification of 19 as a potent glucokinase activator with a greater than 50-fold liver-to-pancreas ratio of tissue distribution in rodent and non-rodent species. In preclinical diabetic animals, 19 was found to robustly lower fasting and postprandial glucose with no hypoglycemia, leading to its selection as a clinical development candidate for treating type 2 diabetes.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm2014887

文献信息

• [EN] HETEROARYLS AMIDE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USE AS GLUCOKINASE ACTIVATORS<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS D'AMIDES D'HÉTÉROARYLES ET LEUR UTILISATION COMME ACTIVATEURS DE LA GLUCOKINASE
  申请人：PFIZER

  公开号：WO2010029461A1

  公开（公告）日：2010-03-18

  The present invention provides Formula (1A) compounds that act as glucokinase activators; pharmaceutical compositions thereof; and methods of treating diseases, disorders, or conditions mediated by glucokinase. X, Y, Z, R1, R2, R3, and R4 are as described herein.

  本发明提供了作为葡糖激酶激活剂的式(1A)化合物；其药物组合物；以及治疗由葡糖激酶介导的疾病、紊乱或状况的方法。其中，X、Y、Z、R1、R2、R3和R4如本文所述。
• Substituted Heteroaryls
  申请人：Benbow John William

  公开号：US20100063063A1

  公开（公告）日：2010-03-11

  The present invention provides Formula (1A) compounds that act as glucokinase activators; pharmaceutical compositions thereof; and methods of treating diseases, disorders, or conditions mediated by glucokinase. X, Y, Z, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are as described herein.

  本发明提供了作为葡萄糖激酶激活剂的1A式化合物；其药物组合物；以及治疗由葡萄糖激酶介导的疾病，疾病或病状的方法。 X，Y，Z，R1，R2，R3和R4如本文所述。
• HETEROARYLS AMIDE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USE AS GLUCOKINASE ACTIVATORS
  申请人：Pfizer Inc.

  公开号：EP2344458A1

  公开（公告）日：2011-07-20
• US7977367B2
  申请人：——

  公开号：US7977367B2

  公开（公告）日：2011-07-12
• US8329920B2
  申请人：——

  公开号：US8329920B2

  公开（公告）日：2012-12-11