A mild, simple and convenient procedure for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methane derivatives was described using N-sulfonic acid poly(4-vinylpyridinium) chloride as an efficient, cheap, and reusable catalyst under mild conditions.
PEG-SO<sub>3</sub>H as a Catalyst for the Preparation of Bis-Indolyl and Tris-Indolyl Methanes in Aqueous Media
作者:V. Jhansi Rani、K. Veena Vani、C. Venkata Rao
DOI:10.1080/00397911.2010.551700
日期:2012.7.15
Abstract A facile, efficient, and green synthesis of bis-indolyl and tris-indolyl methanes has been developed by one-pot condensation of indole with structurally diverse aldehydes and ketones in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol)–bound sulfonicacid as catalyst at room temperature. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Two novel binuclear sulfonic-functionalized ionic liquids: Influence of anion and carbon-spacer on catalytic efficiency for one-pot synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes
from pyrazinium, piperazinium, benzimidazolium, imidazolium mono- or di-cation containing chloride and hydrogen sulfate as counter anion under optimized conditions. It was proved that the new ionic liquids containing two sulfonic imidazole moieties with four-carbon spacer as well as hydrogen sulfate as acidic counter anion were superior to the previously reported ionic liquids.
合成了两种新的具有四碳间隔基的双核磺酸官能化离子液体,并通过FTIR,MS,1 H和13对其结构进行了表征1 H NMR; 然后确定特定任务的新型离子液体水溶液的一些物理性质和pH值。研究了它们在温和条件下的双溶剂催化活性,以合成双(吲哚基)甲烷。在优化的条件下,将这些离子液体的催化活性与衍生自吡嗪鎓,哌嗪鎓,苯并咪唑鎓,咪唑鎓单或二阳离子的氯化物和硫酸氢盐作为抗衡阴离子的某些离子液体进行了比较。事实证明,含有两个带有四个碳间隔基的磺酸咪唑部分以及硫酸氢盐作为酸性抗衡阴离子的新型离子液体优于以前报道的离子液体。
Synthesis and Evaluation of the Cytotoxicities of Tetraindoles: Observation that the 5-Hydroxy Tetraindole (SK228) Induces G<sub>2</sub> Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cells
Current chemical and biological interest in indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and its metabolites has resulted in the discovery of new biologically active indoles. As part of a program aimed at the development of indole analogues, tetraindoles 1-15 were prepared and their antiproliferative effects on human breast cancer cells were evaluated. The results show that the 5-hydroxy-tetraindole 8 (SK228) has optimum antiproliferative activity against breast adenocarcinoma (MCF 7 and MDA-MB-231) cells and that this activity involves G(2)-phase arrest of the cell cycle with a distinctive increase in the expression of cyclin B1 and phospho-cdc2. Further observations suggest that 5-hydroxy-tetraindole 8 induces apoptosis through externalization of membrane phosphatidylserine, DNA fragmentation, and activation of caspase-3. Given the fact that I3C and its metabolites have been shown to improve therapeutic efficacy and to have a broad range of antitumor activities in human cancer cells, the current findings have important pharmacological relevance as they open a promising route to the development of a potential chemotherapeutic application of tetraindoles as agents for the treatment of breast cancer.
explored to synthesize diverse bis(indolyl)methanes. The developed methodology consistently yielded the desired products with satisfactory to excellent yields, while notable advantages of the proposed approach encompassed minimal reaction times and solvent-free conditions. Furthermore, the method was characterized by its procedural simplicity, facile catalyst synthesis, ready accessibility of the starting