Asymmetric 1,4-addition of alkenylzirconium reagents to α,β-unsaturated ketones catalyzed by chiral rhodium complexes
摘要:
Highly enantioselective 1,4-addition of alkenylzirconocene chlorides to alpha-enones Was found to be catalyzed by a chiral rhodium complex generated from [Rh(cod)(MeCN)(2)]BF4 and (S)-BINAP. The reaction can be applied to either cyclic or acyclic enones and the optical yield was LIP to 99% ee. The reaction mechanism would involve the transmetalation between the alkenylzirconocene chloride and the rhodium complex to give the alkenylrhodium species as a key intermediate. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
achievement of the corresponding enantioselective transformations using the tetraorganosilicon reagents, providing the silicon-based approach to opticallyactiveketones and substituted piperidones that serve as synthetic intermediates of pharmaceuticals. A rhodium alkoxide species is suggested to be responsible for a transmetalation step on the basis of the observed kinetic resolution of a racemic chiral phenylsilane
conjugate addition of 1-alkenyl(disiamyl)boranes to α,β-unsaturated ketones, esters, or nitriles was carried out in the presence of Ni(acac)2 and triethylamine in DMF. The reactions provided γ,δ-unsaturated ketones, esters, and nitriles in high yields while retaining the original configuration of the 1-alkenylboranes. A similar addition reaction of 1-alkenyl(disiamyl)boranes to 1-acetyl-2-vinylcyclopropane
Use of docosatrienes, resolvins and their stable analogs in the treatment of airway diseases and asthma
申请人:Serhan N. Charles
公开号:US20050261255A1
公开(公告)日:2005-11-24
The present invention is generally drawn to novel isolated therapeutic agents, termed resolvins, generated from the interaction between a dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), cyclooxygenase-II (COX-2) and an analgesic, such as aspirin (ASA). Surprisingly, careful isolation of compounds generated from the combination of components in an appropriate environment provide di- and tri-hydroxy EPA or DHA compounds having unique structural and physiological properties. The present invention therefore provides for many new useful therapeutic di- or tri-hydroxy derivatives of EPA or DHA (resolvins) that diminish, prevent, or eliminate inflammation or PMN migration, for example. The present invention also provides methods of use, methods of preparation, and packaged pharmaceuticals for use as medicaments for the compounds disclosed throughout the specification.
本发明一般涉及新型分离治疗剂,称为 resolvins,由膳食中的ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)如二十碳五烯酸(EPA)或二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、环氧化酶-II(COX-2)和镇痛剂如阿司匹林(ASA)之间的相互作用产生。令人惊奇的是,在适当的环境中仔细分离由各种成分组合产生的化合物,可以得到具有独特结构和生理特性的二羟基和三羟基 EPA 或 DHA 化合物。因此,本发明提供了许多新的有用的 EPA 或 DHA 的二羟基或三羟基治疗性衍生物(resolvins),这些衍生物可减轻、预防或消除炎症或 PMN 迁移等。本发明还提供了整个说明书中公开的化合物的使用方法、制备方法和用作药物的包装药品。
Preparation of polyfunctional diorganomercurials and their transmetallation to diorganozincs. Applications to the preparation of optically active secon
作者:Michael J. Rozema、Duddu Rajagopal、Charles E. Tucker、Paul Knochel
DOI:10.1016/0022-328x(92)88002-z
日期:1992.10
Two new methods of preparation of functionalized diorganomercurials have been developed. The first method involves a substitution reaction of (ICH2)2Hg with zinc-copper reagents FG-RCu(CN)ZnI in THF/DMF at - 60-degrees-C. Functional groups such as an ester, nitrile, ketone, phosphonate, halide, and boronic ester are tolerated in this reaction. The second method involves a reductive transmetallation between polyfunctional organozinc halides and mercurous chloride (Hg2Cl2). This very convenient procedure provides a rapid route to various functionalized diorganomercurials in good yields (61-89% yield). The synthetic utility of these mercury organometallics is demonstrated. Their transmetallation with zinc dust (toluene, 80-degrees-C, 3-5 h) affords dialkylzincs which add enantioselectively to aldehydes in the presence of a catalytic amount (20 mol%) of the norephedrine derivative 13. This transmetallation can also be used to prepare stereoselectively (E)-alkenylzinc halides (> 98% E). Addition of Cl(H)ZrCp2 to (E)-5-chloropentenylzinc bromide in CH2Cl2 (25-degrees-C, 1 min) affords a 1,1-bimetallic of zinc and zirconium Cl(CH2)4CH(ZnBr)ZrCp2(Cl) which reacts stereoselectively with an aldehyde providing the (E)-disubstituted olefin (49% yield; 100% E).
Hydrozirconation-transmetalation. A mild, direct route to higher order vinylic cuprates from monosubstituted acetylenes