申请人:PFIZER INC.
公开号:EP0040494A1
公开(公告)日:1981-11-25
Carbapenam-3-carboxylic acids and carbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acids substituted at the 1-position with an oxo, a hydroxy or an acetoxy group, variously substituted at the 2-position with such groups as methyl, acetoxymethyl, methanesulfonyloxy, alkoxy, alkylthio, aminoalkylthio or amidinoalkylthio and optionally substituted at the 6-position with a hydroxyalkyl group, an acetoxyalkyl group or a conventional penicillin side-chain, pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof and various esters thereof wherein the esterifying group is selectively removed in the laboratory, or hydrolyzed under physiological conditions.
These compounds are useful either systemically or topically in the treatment of diseases caused by susceptible microorganisms, as animal feed additives for promotion of growth, or in the preservation of biodegradable materials, or as intermediates to compounds having such antibacterial activity.
Key to the synthesis of these compounds is the light catalyzed rearrangement of 2-diazo-1-oxoceph-3-em-4-carboxylates to 1-oxocarbapen-2-em-3-carboxylates, a newly discovered reaction determined to be of general applicability.
碳青霉酰胺-3-羧酸和碳青霉酰胺-2-em-3-羧酸,在 1 位被氧代、羟基或乙酰氧基取代,在 2 位被甲基、乙酰氧甲基、甲磺酰氧基、烷氧基、烷硫基、氨基烷硫基或脒基烷硫基等不同基团取代,在 6 位可选择被羟基烷基、乙酰氧基烷基或传统青霉素侧链、药用青霉素侧链取代、氨基烷硫基或脒基烷硫基,并可选择在 6 位被羟基烷基、乙酰氧基烷基或传统青霉素侧链取代;它们的药学上可接受的盐及其各种酯,其中酯化基团可在实验室中选择性去除,或在生理条件下水解。
这些化合物可用于全身或局部治疗由易感微生物引起的疾病,也可用作促进生长的动物饲料添加剂,或用于保存可生物降解的材料,或用作具有这种抗菌活性的化合物的中间体。
合成这些化合物的关键是 2-重氮-1-氧代-3-em-4-羧酸酯在光催化下重排为 1-氧代-2-em-3-羧酸酯,这是一种新发现的具有普遍适用性的反应。