The metabolic fate of [(14)C]-2-(4-methylsulphonyl-2-nitrobenzoyl)-1,3-cyclohexanedione (mesotrione) has been determined in the male and female rat and mouse following a single oral dose of either 1 or 100 mg/kg, in rat given 14 consecutive oral doses of 1 mg/kg, and in the surgically prepared, bile duct-cannulated rat following a single oral dose of 50 mg/kg. ...Mesotrione was extensively absorbed and rapidly excreted via urine in both rat and mouse. ...The major metabolic pathway was hydroxylation of the aromatic ring.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
毒性总结
识别和使用:异恶草酮是一种淡黄色固体,具有轻微的愉快气味。异恶草酮是一种除草剂,用于田间的玉米、种子玉米、甜玉米、黄色爆米花和高粱。在美国注册使用,但批准的农药用途可能会定期更改,因此必须咨询联邦、州和地方当局以获取当前批准的用途。人类暴露和毒性:关于人类接触异恶草酮的影响的信息有限。给志愿者服用异恶草酮后,血浆中的酪氨酸浓度增加,在每千克体重4毫克的剂量下,血浆酪氨酸浓度达到大约300纳米摩尔/毫升的最大值。浓度在给药后2天内恢复到背景水平。在服用4毫克/千克的剂量后的24小时内,尿液中酪氨酸代谢物的排泄增加,但在接下来的24小时期间恢复到背景水平。因此,异恶草酮的最小和短暂效应最小化了在职业使用过程中发生系统暴露时产生临床效应的可能性。异恶草酮不太可能对人类致癌。动物研究:在动物中,异恶草酮是一种轻微的眼部刺激物,但不是皮肤刺激物或皮肤致敏物。在亚慢性 and 慢性 口服研究中,大鼠、小鼠和狗的主要不良影响包括眼部病变、肝脏和肾脏影响以及/或体重下降。在慢性研究和繁殖研究中,大鼠、小鼠和狗的血浆酪氨酸水平升高。认为眼部、肝脏和肾脏的影响是由血液中酪氨酸水平升高引起的,这是由于抑制了4-羟基苯基丙酮酸双加氧酶酶。在急性亚慢性神经毒性研究中,没有发现大鼠的神经病理学证据。然而,慢性大鼠研究中坐骨神经脱髓鞘与血浆酪氨酸浓度增加有关。在2年大鼠研究中,仅在最高剂量水平下的雌性大鼠中甲状腺腺瘤的发生率增加,这也与血浆酪氨酸浓度增加有关。在大鼠、兔和小鼠发育研究中,观察到骨骼矿化减少/延迟,而在母体毒性不明显的情况下。生态毒性研究:检查了抗氧化应激系统、脂质膜的饱和度变化以及细菌降解异恶草酮的能力。结果显示,大肠杆菌DH5-α能够耐受高剂量的除草剂(田间速率的10倍),并在暴露3小时后完全降解异恶草酮。在降解期之前,存在异恶草酮的生长率低于对照组,显示出这种除草剂对细菌细胞的毒性作用。膜脂质饱和度的变化减少了活性氧物种造成的损害,并可能阻碍了外源化合物进入细胞,同时激活了谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶酶。
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Mesotrione is a pale yellow solid with a faint pleasant odor. Mesotrione is an herbicide used on field corn, seed corn, sweet corn, yellow popcorn, and grain sorghum. Registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Limited information is available on the effects of exposure to mesotrione on humans. Administration of mesotrione to volunteers resulted in an increase in plasma tyrosine concentrations, which reached a maximum of approximately 300 nmol/mL following a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight. Concentrations returned to background levels within 2 days of dosing. Urinary excretion of tyrosine metabolites was increased during the 24 hr immediately following a dose of 4 mg/kg, but returned to background levels during the following 24 hr period. Thus, the minimal and transient effects of mesotrione minimize the likelihood of a clinical effect in the event of systemic exposure occurring during occupational use. Mesotrione is not likely to be carcinogenic to humans. ANIMAL STUDIES: In animals, mesotrione is a mild eye irritant, but is not a dermal irritant or a dermal sensitizer. In subchronic and chronic oral studies, ocular lesions, liver and kidney effects, and/or body weight decrements were the major adverse effects seen in rat, mouse, and dog. Plasma tyrosine levels were increased in rat, mouse and dog in the chronic and reproduction studies. The ocular, liver and kidney effects are believed to be mediated by high tyrosine levels in the blood caused by inhibition of the enzyme 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase. No evidence of neuropathology was found in acute and sub-chronic neurotoxicity studies in rat. However, sciatic nerve demyelination in the chronic rat study was associated with increased plasma tyrosine concentration. Increased incidence of thyroid adenomas in female rats only at the highest dose level in the 2 year rat study was also associated with increased plasma tyrosine concentration. Reduced/delayed ossification in rat, rabbit and mouse developmental studies were noted in the absence of overt maternal toxicity. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: Antioxidative stress systems, saturation changes of lipid membranes, and the capacity of bacteria to degrade mesotrione were examined. The results showed that Escherichia coli DH5-alpha was able to tolerate high doses of the herbicide (10 times field rate), and completely degraded mesotrione after 3 hr of exposure. Growth rates in the presence of mesotrione were lower than in the control, prior to the period of degradation, showing toxic effects of this herbicide on bacterial cells. Changes in the saturation of the membrane lipids reduced the damage caused by reactive oxygen species and possibly hindered the entry of xenobiotics in the cell, while activating glutathione-S-transferase enzyme.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
致癌性证据
癌症分类:不太可能对人类致癌
Cancer Classification: Not Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
副作用
职业性肝毒素 - 第二性肝毒素:在职业环境中的毒性效应潜力是基于人类摄入或动物实验的中毒案例。
Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
毒理性
毒性数据
大鼠LC50 > 5000毫克/立方米
LC50 (rat) > 5,000 mg/m3
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
... A range of acute, subchronic and reproduction studies in the rat involving administration of different doses of mesotrione, with or without co-administration of dietary L-tyrosine and a developmental study in the rabbit utilising both mesotrione and tyrosine were used to elucidate the role of tyrosine in the pathogenesis of effects. ...The incidence and/or severity of the changes correlated with plasma tyrosine concentrations but not with concentrations of mesotrione.
Approximately 70% /mestrione was absorbed/ within 72 hours. /Mestrione was/ widely distributed, highest residues in liver and kidney at 72 hours. No evidence of accumulation. 65-70% excreted within 72 hours, mainly via urine (55%)
NTBC (2-(2-nitro-4-fluoromethylbenzoyl)-1,3-cyclohexanedione) and mesotrione (2-(4-methylsulphonyl-2-nitrobenzoyl)-1,3-cyclohexanedione) are inhibitors of 4-hydroxyphenyl pyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD). NTBC has been successfully used as a treatment for hereditary tyrosinaemia type 1 (HT-1), while mesotrione has been developed as an herbicide. The pharmacokinetics of the two compounds were investigated in healthy male volunteers following single oral administration. The aim of the NTBC study was to assess the bioequivalence of two different formulations and to determine the extent of the induced tyrosinaemia. The mesotrione study was performed to determine the magnitude and duration of the effect on tyrosine catabolism. Additionally, the urinary excretion of unchanged mesotrione was measured to assess the importance of this route of clearance and to help develop a strategy for monitoring occupational exposure. ... A total of 28 volunteers participated in two separate studies with the compounds. In the first study, the relative bioavailability of NTBC from liquid and capsule formulations was compared and the effect on plasma tyrosine concentrations measured. In the second study the pharmacokinetics of mesotrione were determined at three doses. Plasma tyrosine concentrations were monitored and the urinary excretion of mesotrione and tyrosine metabolites was measured. Both compounds were well tolerated at the dose levels studied. Peak plasma concentrations of NTBC were rapidly attained following a single oral dose of 1 mg x kg(-1) body weight of either formulation and the half-life in plasma was approximately 54 hr. There were no statistical differences in mean (+/- s.d.) AUC(0,infinity) (capsule 602 +/- 154 vs solution 602 +/- 146 ug x ml(-1) hr) or t1/2 (capsule 55 +/- 13 vs solution 54 +/- 8 hr) and these parameters supported the bioequivalence of the two formulations. Mesotrione was also rapidly absorbed, with a significant proportion of the dose eliminated unchanged in urine. The plasma half-life was approximately 1 hr and was independent of dose and AUC(0,infinity) and Cmax increased linearly with dose. Following administration of 1 mg NTBC x kg(-1) in either formulation, the concentrations of tyrosine in plasma increased to approximately 1100 nmol x ml(-1). Concentrations were still approximately 8 times those of background at 14 days after dosing, but had returned to background levels within 2 months of the second dose. Administration of mesotrione resulted in an increase in tyrosine concentrations which reached a maximum of approximately 300 nmol x ml(-1) following a dose of 4 mg x kg(-1) body weight. Concentrations returned to those of background within 2 days of dosing. Urinary excretion of tyrosine metabolites was increased during the 24 hr immediately following a dose of 4 mg mesotrione x kg(-1), but returned to background levels during the following 24 hr period. ...
[EN] ACC INHIBITORS AND USES THEREOF<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS DE L'ACC ET UTILISATIONS ASSOCIÉES
申请人:GILEAD APOLLO LLC
公开号:WO2017075056A1
公开(公告)日:2017-05-04
The present invention provides compounds I and II useful as inhibitors of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACC), compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.
[EN] 3-[(HYDRAZONO)METHYL]-N-(TETRAZOL-5-YL)-BENZAMIDE AND 3-[(HYDRAZONO)METHYL]-N-(1,3,4-OXADIAZOL-2-YL)-BENZAMIDE DERIVATIVES AS HERBICIDES<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS DE 3-[(HYDRAZONO))MÉTHYL]-N-(TÉTRAZOL-5-YL)-BENZAMIDE ET DE 3-[(HYDRAZONO)MÉTHYL]-N-(1,3,4-OXADIAZOL-2-YL)-BENZAMIDE UTILISÉS EN TANT QU'HERBICIDES
申请人:SYNGENTA CROP PROTECTION AG
公开号:WO2021013969A1
公开(公告)日:2021-01-28
The present invention related to compounds of Formula (I): or an agronomically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Q, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are as described herein. The invention further relates to compositions comprising said compounds, to methods of controlling weeds using said compositions, and to the use of compounds of Formula (I) as a herbicide.
[EN] SUBSTITUTED QUINAZOLINES AS FUNGICIDES<br/>[FR] QUINAZOLINES SUBSTITUÉES, UTILISÉES EN TANT QUE FONGICIDES
申请人:SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG
公开号:WO2010136475A1
公开(公告)日:2010-12-02
The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) wherein wherein the substituents have the definitions as defined in claim 1or a salt or a N-oxide thereof, their use and methods for the control and/or prevention of microbial infection, particularly fungal infection, in plants and to processes for the preparation of these compounds.
[EN] INSECTICIDAL TRIAZINONE DERIVATIVES<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS DE TRIAZINONE INSECTICIDES
申请人:SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG
公开号:WO2013079350A1
公开(公告)日:2013-06-06
Compounds of the formula (I) or (I'), wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, are useful as pesticides.
式(I)或(I')的化合物,其中取代基如权利要求1所定义的那样,可用作杀虫剂。
[EN] HERBICIDALLY ACTIVE HETEROARYL-S?BSTIT?TED CYCLIC DIONES OR DERIVATIVES THEREOF<br/>[FR] DIONES CYCLIQUES SUBSTITUÉES PAR HÉTÉROARYLE À ACTIVITÉ HERBICIDE OU DÉRIVÉS DE CELLES-CI
申请人:SYNGENTA LTD
公开号:WO2011012862A1
公开(公告)日:2011-02-03
The invention relates to a compound of formula (I), which is suitable for use as a herbicide wherein G is hydrogen or an agriculturally acceptable metal, sulfonium, ammonium or latentiating group; Q is a unsubstituted or substituted C3-C8 saturated or mono-unsaturated heterocyclyl containing at least one heteroatom selected from O, N and S, or Q is heteroaryl or substituted heteroaryl; m is 1, 2 or 3; and Het is an optionally substituted monocyclic or bicyclic heteroaromatic ring; and wherein the compound is optionally an agronomically acceptable salt thereof.