A method, composition and system for controlling termites wherein single carbohydrate-based compounds are used as both cellulase inhibitors and feeding stimulants. Di-saccharides, cellobioimidazole (CBI), fluoro-methyl cellobiose (FMCB), and mono-saccharides, fluoro-methyl glucose (FMG) and analogs thereof inhibit termite cellulose digestion, which leads to starvation or stimulates termite feeding to cause mortality. CBI, FMCB and FMG were tested against enzyme fractions that represented endogenous (foregut/salivary gland/midgut) and symbiotic (hindgut) termite cellulases in vitro and in vivo. Feeding stimulation by di-saccharides results in greater cellulase inhibitor intake throughout midrange concentrations (1 mM-10 mM), which is associated with significant termite mortality. In contrast, the monosaccharide inhibitor, FMG did not stimulate feeding, but did inhibit feeding at concentrations above 1 mM, causing mortality. With modification to create longer β-glycosidic chain lengths, the cellulase inhibitors identified herein can also be targeted to endoglucanase activity for increased efficacy and use as novel termite control compositions.
一种用于控制白蚁的方法、组合物和系统,其中单一的基于
碳水化合物的化合物被用作
纤维素酶抑制剂和摄食刺激剂。
双糖,赛洛比
咪唑(CBI),
氟甲基赛洛生(
FMCB),以及
单糖,
氟甲基葡萄糖(
FMG)及其类似物抑制白蚁
纤维素消化,导致饥饿或刺激白蚁摄食以引起死亡。在体外和体内对CBI、
FMCB和
FMG进行了与代表内源(前肠/唾液腺/中肠)和共生(后肠)白蚁
纤维素酶的酶分数的测试。
双糖的摄食刺激导致在中等浓度范围(1 mM-10 mM)内更多的
纤维素酶抑制剂摄入,与显著的白蚁死亡相关。相比之下,
单糖抑制剂FMG并未刺激摄食,但在超过1 mM的浓度下抑制摄食,导致死亡。通过修改以创建更长的β-葡苷链长度,本文鉴定的
纤维素酶抑制剂也可以针对内切酶活性,以提高功效并用作新型白蚁控制组合物。