毒理性
石蒜碱是一种强效的、选择性的、能透过细胞的蛋白激酶C(PKC)抑制剂。它也是植物花椒(Zanthoxylum clava-herculis)中发现的主要活性天然产物,对金黄色葡萄球菌具有抗细菌活性。石蒜碱对A组和B组PKC同源异构体具有选择性抑制作用,并具有抗肿瘤活性。通过激活中性鞘磷脂酶、积累神经酰胺和耗尽鞘磷脂,石蒜碱盐酸盐抑制PKC可诱导凋亡。石蒜碱对PKC的选择性至少比对其他激酶高100倍。石蒜碱与PKC的保守催化位点竞争,似乎是对A组和B组激酶的强效和特异性抑制剂。石蒜碱在体外对九种人类肿瘤细胞系表现出细胞毒性。对放化疗抵抗的鳞状细胞癌细胞系(HNSCC)在石蒜碱体外处理后迅速发生凋亡。用石蒜碱处理携带SQ-20B HNSCC细胞的裸鼠与显著的肿瘤生长延迟相关,而且石蒜碱治疗导致的毒性最小。(A15441)
Chelerythrine is a potent, selective, and cell-permeable protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor. It is also the major active natural product found in the plant Zanthoxylum clava-herculis, exhibiting anti-bacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. (Wikipedia) Chelerythrine is a selective inhibitor of group A and B PKC isoforms with an antitumor activity. Inhibition of PKC with chelerythrine chloride induces apoptosis by activation of a neutral sphingomyelinase, accumulation of ceramide, and depletion of sphingomyelin. Chelerythrine is at least 100-fold more selective for PKCs than for other kinases. Chelerythrine competes for the conserved catalytic sites of PKC and seems to be a potent and specific inhibitor of the group A and group B kinases. Chelerythrine exhibited cytotoxic activity against nine human tumor cell lines tested in vitro. Radioresistant and chemoresistant squamous cell carcinoma lines (HNSCC) undergo apoptosis rapidly after treatment with chelerythrine in vitro. Chelerythrine treatment of nude mice bearing SQ-20B HNSCC cells is associated with significant tumor growth delay. Also, treatment with chelerythrine resulted in minimal toxicity. (A15441)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)