Acyl radicals: intermolecular and intramolecular alkene addition reactions
摘要:
A full study of the use of phenyl selenoesters as precursors to acyl radicals and their subsequent participation in intermolecular and intramolecular alkene addition reactions is detailed. Primary alkyl-, vinyl-, and aryl-substituted acyl radicals generated by Bu3SnH treatment of the corresponding phenyl selenoesters participate cleanly in intermolecular addition reactions with alkenes bearing electron-withdrawing or radical-stabilizing substituents at rates that exceed those of the potentially competitive decarbonylation or reduction. Similarly, their intramolecular addition to activated or unactivated alkenes proceeds without significant competitive reduction or decarbonylation and at rates generally greater-than-or-equal-to 1 x 10(6) s-1 with some occurring at rates greater-than-or-equal-to 3 x 10(7) s-1. Consistent with their behavior in intermolecular addition reactions, the 5-exo-trig cyclizations of secondary and tertiary alkyl-substituted acyl radicals to an unactivated olefin acceptor may be accompanied by varying degrees of decarbonylation, even under low-temperature free-radical reaction conditions. Studies are presented which suggest that the intramolecular additions of acyl radicals to alkenes under the conditions detailed herein may be regarded as irreversible, kinetically controlled processes which exhibit regioselectivity that is predictable based on well-established empirical rules set forth for the analogous free-radical cyclization reactions of alkyl radicals.
Photochemical generation of acyl and carbamoyl radicals using a nucleophilic organic catalyst: applications and mechanism thereof
作者:Eduardo de Pedro Beato、Daniele Mazzarella、Matteo Balletti、Paolo Melchiorre
DOI:10.1039/d0sc02313b
日期:——
detail a strategy that uses a commercially available nucleophilic organic catalyst to generate acyl and carbamoyl radicals upon activation of the corresponding chlorides and anhydrides via a nucleophilic acyl substitution path. The resulting nucleophilic radicals are then intercepted by a variety of electron-poor olefins in a Giese-type addition process. The chemistry requires low-energy photons (blue
Phenyl selenoesters as effective precursors of acyl radicals for use in intermolecular alkene addition reactions
作者:Dale L. Boger、R. J. Mathvink
DOI:10.1021/jo00269a001
日期:1989.4
Photoredox-Catalyzed α-C(sp<sup>3</sup>)–H Activation of Unprotected Secondary Amines: Facile Access to 1,4-Dicarbonyl Compounds
作者:Qian Zhang、Yan Huang、Le-Wu Zhan、Wan-Ying Tang、Jing Hou、Bin-Dong Li
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02571
日期:2020.10.2
A photoredox-catalyzed alpha-C(sp(3))-H activation approach of unprotected secondary amines is reported. Such transformations provide facile access to various 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds using readily available amines and alpha,beta-unsaturated compounds as feedstocks under air conditions. The substrate scope of this method is broad, and a wide array of functional groups are tolerated.
BOGER, D. L.;MATHVINK, R. J., J. ORG. CHEM., 54,(1989) N, C. 1777-1779
作者:BOGER, D. L.、MATHVINK, R. J.
DOI:——
日期:——
Acyl radicals: intermolecular and intramolecular alkene addition reactions
作者:Dale L. Boger、Robert J. Mathvink
DOI:10.1021/jo00031a021
日期:1992.2
A full study of the use of phenyl selenoesters as precursors to acyl radicals and their subsequent participation in intermolecular and intramolecular alkene addition reactions is detailed. Primary alkyl-, vinyl-, and aryl-substituted acyl radicals generated by Bu3SnH treatment of the corresponding phenyl selenoesters participate cleanly in intermolecular addition reactions with alkenes bearing electron-withdrawing or radical-stabilizing substituents at rates that exceed those of the potentially competitive decarbonylation or reduction. Similarly, their intramolecular addition to activated or unactivated alkenes proceeds without significant competitive reduction or decarbonylation and at rates generally greater-than-or-equal-to 1 x 10(6) s-1 with some occurring at rates greater-than-or-equal-to 3 x 10(7) s-1. Consistent with their behavior in intermolecular addition reactions, the 5-exo-trig cyclizations of secondary and tertiary alkyl-substituted acyl radicals to an unactivated olefin acceptor may be accompanied by varying degrees of decarbonylation, even under low-temperature free-radical reaction conditions. Studies are presented which suggest that the intramolecular additions of acyl radicals to alkenes under the conditions detailed herein may be regarded as irreversible, kinetically controlled processes which exhibit regioselectivity that is predictable based on well-established empirical rules set forth for the analogous free-radical cyclization reactions of alkyl radicals.