Dehydrogenation of methanol in the liquid phase with a homogeneous ruthenium complex catalyst
作者:Sumio Shinoda、Hiroaki Itagaki、Yasukazu Saito
DOI:10.1039/c39850000860
日期:——
Catalytic dehydrogenation of methanol occurs in solution by use of a homogeneousrutheniumcomplex,[Ru2(OAc)4Cl]–t-phosphine, or mononuclear ruthenium(II) complexes, which can be isolated from the reaction solution as catalysts.
The reaction of the 1,3-bis(pyrazol-3-y1)benzenes 1 with [RuC1(OAc)(PPh3)3] resulted in selective C-H cleavage at the 2-position of 1 to give the protic NCN pincer-type ruthenium(II) complexes [RuCl(R-NCN-LH2)-(PPh3)2] (2; R-NCN-LH2 = 4-R-2,6-bis(5-tert-buty1-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pheny1). Similar cyclometalation with iridium tri-chloride followed by addition of triphenylphosphine led to the formation of the iridium(III) analogue [IrCI(Bu-t-NCN-LH2)(PPh3)]Cl (5). Treatment of the ruthenium complexes 2 with carbon monoxide afforded the carbonyl complexes [Ru( CO) (R-NCN-LH2) (PPh3)2] CI (4). On the other hand, the pyridine analogue of 1, 2,6-bis(5-tert-butyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine (NNN-LH2), reacted with iridium trichloride to yield the protic NNN pincer-type complex [IrC1(3)(NNN-LH3)] (7). The stronger r donation of the NCN pincer-type ligand in comparison with the analogous NNN ligand was suggested by the CO stretching frequencies of the ruthenium carbonyl complexes 4 as well as the M-Cl distances. The catalytic activity of the ruthenium complexes 2a,b toward transfer hydrogenation of a ketone was also evaluated.
Preparation of RuCH2PMe2(PMe3)3Cl, Ru(CH2PMe2)2(PMe3)2, and Rh2(CH2PMe2)2(PMe3)4 and their reactions with hydrogen
作者:Vera V. Mainz、Richard A. Andersen
DOI:10.1021/om00083a005
日期:1984.5
Reactivity and Catalytic Activity of a Robust Ruthenium(II)−Triphos Complex
作者:Adrian B. Chaplin、Paul J. Dyson
DOI:10.1021/ic701773a
日期:2008.1.1
The ruthenium(II)-triphos acetatc, complex [RuCl(OAc)(k(3)-triphos)] (triphos = (PPh2CH2)(3)CMe) has been found to be an active catalyst precursor for the hydrogenation of 1-alkenes under relatively mild conditions (5-50 bar H-2, 50 degrees C). In contrast to related triphenylphosphine complexes, [RuCl(OAc)(k(3)-triphos)] is much less air sensitive and 14 high catalytic activities were achieved when catalyst samples were prepared without exclusion of air or moisture. Substitution of the acetatc, ligand can be effected by treatment of acid, affording [Ru-2(mu-Cl)(3)(k(3)-triphos)(2)]Cl and [RuCl(k(3)-triphos)](2)(BF4)(2) with aqueous HCl and [Et2OH]BF4, respectively, or by heating with dmpm in the presence of [NH4]PF6, resulting in formation of [RuCl(k(2)-dMPM)(k(3)-triphos)]PF6 (dmpm = PMe(2)CH(2)PMe2). A hydride complex, [RuHCl (k(3)-triphos)], formed by acetato-mediated heterolytic cleavage of dihydrogen is proposed as the active catalytic species. An inner-sphere, monohydride mechanism is suggested for the catalytic cycle, with chloro and triphos ligands playing a spectator role. These mechanistic proposals are consistent with reactivity studies carried out on [RuCl(OAc) (k(3)-triphos)] and [RuH(OAc)(k(3)-triphos)] and supported by a computational analysis. The solid-state structures of [RuCl(OAc)(k(3)-triphos)], [RuCl(k(3)-triphos)](2)(BF4)(2), and [RUCl(k(2)-dmpm)(k(3)-triphos)]PF6 have been established by X-ray diffraction.