作者:Sarah M. Bronner、Karl A. Merrick、Jeremy Murray、Laurent Salphati、John G. Moffat、Jodie Pang、Christopher J. Sneeringer、Nicholas Dompe、Patrick Cyr、Hans Purkey、Gladys de Leon Boenig、Jun Li、Aleksandr Kolesnikov、Robin Larouche-Gauthier、Kwong Wah Lai、Xiaoli Shen、Samuel Aubert-Nicol、Yi-Chen Chen、Jonathan Cheong、James J. Crawford、Marc Hafner、Pouyan Haghshenas、Araz Jakalian、Jean-Philippe Leclerc、Ngiap-Kie Lim、Tom O'Brien、Emile G. Plise、Hadil Shalan、Claudio Sturino、John Wai、Yang Xiao、Jianping Yin、Liang Zhao、Stephen Gould、Alan Olivero、Timothy P. Heffron
DOI:10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.06.021
日期:2019.8
CDK4 and CDK6 are kinases with similar sequences that regulate cell cycle progression and are validated targets in the treatment of cancer. Glioblastoma is characterized by a high frequency of CDKN2A/CCND2/CDK4/CDK6 pathway dysregulation, making dual inhibition of CDK4 and CDK6 an attractive therapeutic approach for this disease. Abemaciclib, ribociclib, and palbociclib are approved CDK4/6 inhibitors for the treatment of HR+/HER2- breast cancer, but these drugs are not expected to show strong activity in brain tumors due to poor blood brain barrier penetration. Herein, we report the identification of a brain-penetrant CDK4/6 inhibitor derived from a literature molecule with low molecular weight and topological polar surface area (MW = 285 and TPSA = 66 angstrom(2)), but lacking the CDK2/1 selectivity profile due to the absence of a basic amine. Removal of a hydrogen bond donor via cyclization of the pyrazole allowed for the introduction of basic and semi-basic amines, while maintaining in many cases efflux ratios reasonable for a CNS program. Ultimately, a basic spiroazetidine (cpK(a) = 8.8) was identified that afforded acceptable selectivity over anti-target CDK1 while maintaining brain-penetration in vivo (mouse K-p,K-uu = 0.20-0.59). To probe the potency and selectivity, our lead compound was evaluated in a panel of glioblastoma cell lines. Potency comparable to abemaciclib was observed in Rb-wild type lines U87MG, DBTRG-05MG, A172, and T98G, while Rb-deficient cell lines SF539 and M059J exhibited a lack of sensitivity.