The palladium catalyzed nucleophilic substitution ofα-bromo-α, α-difluoroallyl derivatives turned out to be an efficient method for the preparation of several fluorinated organic molecules. Several soft carbon nucleophiles regioselectively reacted with 3-bromo-3, 3-difluoropropene (BDFP) to give the 3-substituted 1, 1-difluoroalkenes. Phenylzinc chloride and tributylphenyltin afforded 1-fluoro-1, 3-diphenylpropene. The radical bromination of 3-substituted 1, 1-difluoroalkenes provided 1-substituted BDFPs, and a 1-substituted BDFP reacted with carbon nucleophiles to give 1, 3-disubstituted 3, 3-difluoroalkenes. For the reaction of nitrogen nucleophiles with BDFP, an amine and the sodium salts of the carbamates reacted with BDFP at the γ-position. However, the sodium salts of the sulfoneamide predominantly attacked at the α-position.
钯催化α-
溴-α,α-二
氟烯丙基衍
生物的亲核取代反应被证明是制备多种含
氟有机分子的有效方法。几种软
碳亲核物与
3-溴-3, 3-二
氟丙烯(BDFP)发生了选择性反应,生成了 3-取代的 1, 1-二
氟烯烃。
苯基
氯化锌和
三丁基苯基锡得到了 1-
氟-1,3-二
苯基
丙烯。3 取代的 1,1-二
氟烯烃通过自由基
溴化反应生成 1 取代的 BDFP,而 1 取代的 BDFP 与
碳亲核物反应生成 1,3-二取代的 3,3-二
氟烯烃。在
氮亲核物与 BDFP 的反应中,胺和
氨基甲酸酯的
钠盐在 γ 位与 BDFP 发生反应。然而,磺
酰胺的
钠盐主要在 α 位发生反应。