We propose a facile approach toward enhancing the efficiency of fluoride-responsive gels through the positioning of functionalized receptor units, allowing tunable intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonding, in the gelator molecules. We prepared the new glycolipid-based gelator 2 and its hydroxy and methoxy derivatives 2a and 2b, respectively, to study the effects of three types modes of supramolecular assembly: solely intermolecular hydrogen bonding in 2, solely intramolecular hydrogen bonding in 2b, and both inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonding in 2a. 1H NMR spectra confirmed the self-assembly interactions of these glycolipid-based gelators. We measured the minimum gel concentrations and sol–gel transitions and recorded X-ray diffraction patterns and electron micrographs to characterize the gelation behavior and structural organization of each of these supramolecular gels. Among these three gelators, only 2 and 2a could form organogels in the test solvents, indicating that intermolecular hydrogen bonding plays a determinant role in the supramolecular assemblies leading to gelation. The self-assembly of 2 resulted in a bilayer-packed lamellar structure within ribbon-like fibers, whereas that of 2a resulted in hexagonally packed cylindrical micelles within tree-like fibers. A minimum amount of 0.3 equivalent of F− was required for complete disruption of the gel formed from 2a, which was approximately four times lower than that required for the gel formed from 2. Thus, the incorporation of a β-hydroxy motif—the only difference in the chemical structures of 2 and 2a—led to interesting variations in the resulting gel morphologies and enhanced the gel's fluoride-responsiveness.
我们提出了一种简便的方法,通过在凝胶剂分子中定位功能化受体单元,增强
氟响应凝胶的效率,实现可调节的分子内和分子间氢键。我们制备了新的基于
糖脂的凝胶剂2及其羟基和甲氧基衍
生物2a和2b,来研究三种超分子组装模式的影响:仅分子间氢键的2,仅分子内氢键的2b,以及同时具备分子间和分子内氢键的2a。1H NMR光谱证实了这些基于
糖脂的凝胶剂的自组装相互作用。我们测量了最低凝胶浓度和凝胶-溶液转变,并记录了X射线衍射图谱和电子显微镜图像,以表征每种超分子凝胶的成胶行为和结构组织。在这三种凝胶剂中,只有2和2a能够在测试溶剂中形成有机凝胶,这表明分子间氢键在导致成胶的超分子组装中起着决定性作用。2的自组装形成了带状纤维内的双层堆叠层状结构,而2a的自组装则在树状纤维中形成了六角堆叠的圆柱形胶束。完整破坏由2a形成的凝胶需要最少0.3当量的F−,这大约是形成由2生成的凝胶所需量的四分之一。因此,β-羟基基团的引入——这是2和2a的
化学结构中唯一的差异——导致了所形成的凝胶形态的有趣变化,并增强了凝胶的
氟响应性。