Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Ketolides (6-<i>O</i>-Methyl-3-oxoerythromycin Derivatives): A New Class of Antibacterials Highly Potent Against Macrolide-Resistant and -Susceptible Respiratory Pathogens
作者:Constantin Agouridas、Alexis Denis、Jean-Michel Auger、Yannick Benedetti、Alain Bonnefoy、François Bretin、Jean-François Chantot、Arlette Dussarat、Claude Fromentin、Solange Gouin D'Ambrières、Sylvette Lachaud、Patrick Laurin、Odile Le Martret、Véronique Loyau、Nicole Tessot
DOI:10.1021/jm980240d
日期:1998.10.1
In the search for new antibiotics active against macrolide-resistant pneumococci and Haemophilus influenzae, we synthesized a new class of 3-oxo-6-O-methylerythromycin derivatives, so-called "ketolides". A keto function was introduced in position 3 after removal of L-cladinose, a sugar which has long been thought essential. Further modifications of the macrolactone backbone allowed us to obtain three different series of 9-oxime, 11,12-carbamate, and 11,12-hydrazonocarbamate ketolides. These compounds were found to be very active against penicillin/erythromycin-resistant pneumococci and noninducers of MLS(B) resistance. The 11,12-substituted ketolide 61 (HMR 3004) demonstrated a potent activity against multiresistant pneumococci associated with a well-balanced activity against all bacteria involved in respiratory infections including H. influenzae, Mycoplasma catarrhalis, group A streptococci, and atypical bacteria. In addition HMR 3004 displayed high therapeutic activity in animals infected by all major strains, irrespective of their resistance phenotype.